青鳉基因图谱：通过比较基因图谱揭示的脊椎动物祖先原始染色体的踪迹。
A medaka gene map: the trace of ancestral vertebrate proto-chromosomes revealed by comparative gene mapping.
作者信息
Naruse Kiyoshi, Tanaka Minoru, Mita Kazuei, Shima Akihiro, Postlethwait John, Mitani Hiroshi
机构信息
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
出版信息
Genome Res. 2004 May;14(5):820-8. doi: 10.1101/gr.2004004. Epub 2004 Apr 12.
The mapping of Hox clusters and many duplicated genes in zebrafish indicated an extra whole-genome duplication in ray-fined fish. However, to reconstruct the preduplication chromosomes (proto-chromosomes), the comparative genomic studies of more distantly related teleosts are essential. Medaka and zebrafish are ideal for this purpose, because their lineages separated from their last common ancestor approximately 140 million years ago. To reconstruct ancient vertebrate chromosomes, including the chromosomes of the vertebrate ancestor of humans from 450 million years ago, we mapped 818 genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) on a single meiotic backcross panel obtained from inbred strains of the medaka, Oryzias latipes. Comparisons of linkage relationships of orthologous genes among three species of vertebrates (medaka, zebrafish, and human) indicate the number and content of the chromosomes of the last common ancestor of ray-fined fish and lobe-fined fish (including humans), and the extra whole genome duplication event in the ray-fin lineage occurred in the common ancestor of perhaps all teleosts.
斑马鱼中Hox基因簇和许多重复基因的图谱表明，辐鳍鱼经历了一次额外的全基因组复制。然而，要重建复制前的染色体（原始染色体），对亲缘关系更远的硬骨鱼进行比较基因组研究至关重要。青鳉和斑马鱼是进行此项研究的理想对象，因为它们的谱系大约在1.4亿年前从它们的最后一个共同祖先分化而来。为了重建古代脊椎动物的染色体，包括4.5亿年前人类脊椎动物祖先的染色体，我们在从青鳉（Oryzias latipes）近交系获得的单个减数分裂回交群体上绘制了818个基因和表达序列标签（EST）的图谱。对三种脊椎动物（青鳉、斑马鱼和人类）直系同源基因连锁关系的比较表明，辐鳍鱼和肉鳍鱼（包括人类）的最后一个共同祖先的染色体数量和内容，以及辐鳍谱系中的额外全基因组复制事件可能发生在所有硬骨鱼的共同祖先中。
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