Espinoza González Ricardo
Rev Med Chil. 2016 Aug;144(8):1073-1077. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872016000800016.
Gastrointestinal bezoars are a concretion of indigested material that can be found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and some animals. This material forms an intraluminal mass, more commonly located in the stomach. During a large period of history animal bezoars were considered antidotes to poisons and diseases. We report a historical overview since bezoars stones were thought to have medicinal properties. This magic conception was introduced in South America by Spanish conquerors. In Chile, bezoars are commonly found in a camelid named guanaco (Lama guanicoe). People at Central Chile and the Patagonia believed that bezoar stones had magical properties and they were traded at very high prices. In Santiago, during the eighteenth century the Jesuit apothecary sold preparations of bezoar stones. The human bezoars may be formed by non-digestible material like cellulose (phytobezoar), hair (trichobezoar), conglomerations of medications or his vehicles (pharmacobezoar or medication bezoar), milk and mucus component (lactobezoar) or other varieties of substances. This condition may be asymptomatic or can produce abdominal pain, ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding, gastric outlet obstruction, perforation and mechanical intestinal obstruction. We report their classification, diagnostic modalities and treatment.
胃肠道粪石是一种在人类和某些动物胃肠道中发现的未消化物质的凝结物。这种物质形成腔内肿块,更常见于胃中。在历史上很长一段时间里,动物粪石被认为是毒药和疾病的解毒剂。我们报告了自粪石被认为具有药用特性以来的历史概况。这种神奇的观念是由西班牙征服者引入南美洲的。在智利,粪石常见于一种名为原驼(骆马属原驼)的骆驼科动物体内。智利中部和巴塔哥尼亚的人们认为粪石具有神奇特性,它们以极高的价格进行交易。在圣地亚哥,18世纪时,耶稣会药剂师出售粪石制剂。人体粪石可能由不可消化的物质形成,如纤维素(植物粪石)、毛发(毛粪石)、药物或其载体的聚集体(药物粪石)、牛奶和黏液成分(乳粪石)或其他各种物质。这种情况可能无症状,也可能导致腹痛、溃疡、胃肠道出血、胃出口梗阻、穿孔和机械性肠梗阻。我们报告了它们的分类、诊断方法和治疗。