Astragalus polysaccharides increase the sensitivity of SKOV3 cells to cisplatin.

BACKGROUND

Multidrug resistance in malignant tumours hinders the treatment of tumours. Studies showed that astragalus polysaccharides (APS), one major active ingredient of astragalus, enhanced the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer and liver cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drug. However, the effect of APS on ovarian cancer is still unclear. In this study, we will examine the sensitizing effect of APS on SKOV3 cells to cisplatin and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODS

MTT assay was employed to examine the viability of SKOV3 after treatment with APS and cisplatin. The cell apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1/2 (JNK1/2) was measured using Western blotting and RT-PCR.

RESULTS

APS synergistically promoted the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on SKOV3 cell viability. Flow cytometry showed that APS promoted cisplatin-induced apoptosis of SKOV3 cell lines. Further studies showed that APS down-regulated the expression of Bcl2, increased the expression of Bax and caspase 3 and activated JNK1/2 signalling pathway. The JNK inhibitors significantly rescued the proliferation inhibition induced by the drugs.

CONCLUSIONS

Astragalus polysaccharides increased the sensitivity of SKOV3 cells to cisplatin potentially by activating the JNK pathway. The apoptosis-related genes may contribute to the process. Thus, APS may be useful for the treatment of ovarian cancer as an enhancer of chemosensitivity.