双波长辐照抗菌光动力疗法使用吲哚菁绿和二甲双胍联合纳米姜黄素作为一种有效的根管治疗辅助手段。
Dual wavelength irradiation antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using indocyanine green and metformin doped with nano-curcumin as an efficient adjunctive endodontic treatment modality.
机构信息
Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Private Practice, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2020 Mar;29:101628. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101628. Epub 2019 Dec 20.
BACKGROUND
Indocyanine green (ICG) doped with nano-curcumin (N-CUR) can increase photosensitivity in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Since metformin (Met) provides a synergistic advantage with photosensitivity, it was conjugated with N-CUR@ICG. Aim of the study was to evaluate the photosensitizing effect of N-CUR@ICG-Met used as a new photosensitizer in dual wavelengths irradiation (diode laser and light-emitting diode, LED) aPDT in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Following synthesis and confirmation of N-CUR@ICG-Met by Scanning electrone microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Zetasizer analysis, the mature microbial biofilm was formed. The quantitative and qualitative evaluations of E. faecalis biofilm were made using microbial viability and SEM analysis of the following groups of treatment modalities (n = 5): 1- N-CUR, 2- ICG, 3- Met, 4- N-CUR@ICG, 5- N-CUR@ICG-Met, 6- Diode laser, 7- LED, 8- aPDT/diode, 9- aPDT/LED, 10- aPDT/diode laser + LED, 11- aPDT/LED + diode laser, 12- 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). In addition, E. faecalis not treated served as negative control. Data were statistically analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the post-Hoc Bonferroni tests with a level of significance set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS
SEM, FT-IR, XRD, Zetasizer analysis confirmed successful doping of ICG-Met onto/into N-CUR. The treatment modality of N-CUR@ICG-Met mediated aPDT/diode laser, aPDT/LED, aPDT/diode laser + LED, and aPDT/LED + diode laser statistically decreased the cell viability of E. faecalis for 69.40 %, 75.52 %, 82.74 %, and 83.84 %, respectively compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05). The double wavelengths irradiation technique, which exposed the N-CUR@ICG-Met with diode laser irradiation and immediately after with LED (i.e. group No. 10), as well as, N-CUR@ICG-Met with LED irradiation and immediately after with diode laser (i.e. group No. 11) reduced the viable E. faecalis count in biofilm structures statistically more than the other treatment modalities (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
N-CUR@ICG-Met as a new photosensitizer in dual wavelengths irradiation method may improve anti-biofilm activity of aPDT against E. faecalis.
背景
吲哚菁绿（ICG）掺杂纳米姜黄素（N-CUR）可以增加抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）的光敏性。由于二甲双胍（Met）与光敏性具有协同优势，因此将其与 N-CUR@ICG 偶联。本研究的目的是评估作为新型光敏剂的 N-CUR@ICG-Met 在经 Enterococcus faecalis 生物膜感染的根管中进行双波长辐照（二极管激光和发光二极管，LED）aPDT 时的光敏化作用。
材料和方法
通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱、X 射线衍射（XRD）和 Zetasizer 分析对 N-CUR@ICG-Met 进行合成和确认后，形成成熟的微生物生物膜。使用微生物活力和 SEM 分析，对以下治疗方式组的 E. faecalis 生物膜进行定量和定性评估（n=5）：1-N-CUR，2-ICG，3-Met，4-N-CUR@ICG，5-N-CUR@ICG-Met，6-二极管激光，7-LED，8-aPDT/二极管激光，9-aPDT/LED，10-aPDT/二极管激光+LED，11-aPDT/LED+二极管激光，12-2.5%次氯酸钠（NaOCl）。此外，未处理的 E. faecalis 作为阴性对照。使用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和事后 Bonferroni 检验对数据进行统计学分析，显著性水平设为 P<0.05。
结果
SEM、FT-IR、XRD、Zetasizer 分析证实 ICG-Met 成功掺杂到 N-CUR 上/内。N-CUR@ICG-Met 介导的 aPDT/二极管激光、aPDT/LED、aPDT/二极管激光+LED 和 aPDT/LED+二极管激光治疗方式分别使 E. faecalis 的细胞活力降低了 69.40%、75.52%、82.74%和 83.84%，与阴性对照组相比具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。双波长辐照技术，即二极管激光照射后立即用 LED 照射 N-CUR@ICG-Met（即第 10 组），以及 LED 照射后立即用二极管激光照射 N-CUR@ICG-Met（即第 11 组），与其他治疗方式相比，统计上更能减少生物膜结构中存活的 E. faecalis 数量（P<0.05）。
结论
N-CUR@ICG-Met 作为新型光敏剂在双波长辐照方法中可能提高 aPDT 对 E. faecalis 的抗生物膜活性。
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