长非编码 RNA 变成蛋白质编码
When Long Noncoding Becomes Protein Coding.
机构信息
Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
出版信息
Mol Cell Biol. 2020 Feb 27;40(6). doi: 10.1128/MCB.00528-19.
Recent advancements in genetic and proteomic technologies have revealed that more of the genome encodes proteins than originally thought possible. Specifically, some putative long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been misannotated as noncoding. Numerous lncRNAs have been found to contain short open reading frames (sORFs) which have been overlooked because of their small size. Many of these sORFs encode small proteins or micropeptides with fundamental biological importance. These micropeptides can aid in diverse processes, including cell division, transcription regulation, and cell signaling. Here we discuss strategies for establishing the coding potential of putative lncRNAs and describe various functions of known micropeptides.
近年来，遗传和蛋白质组学技术的进步揭示了基因组中编码蛋白质的部分比最初认为的要多。具体来说，一些假定的长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）被错误地注释为非编码。大量 lncRNA 被发现含有短开放阅读框（sORF），由于其体积小而被忽视。这些 sORF 中的许多编码具有基本生物学重要性的小蛋白质或微肽。这些微肽可以帮助多种过程，包括细胞分裂、转录调控和细胞信号转导。在这里，我们讨论了确定假定 lncRNA 编码潜力的策略，并描述了已知微肽的各种功能。
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