Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
Bioenvironmental Science and Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Mar 28;30(3):313-324. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2003.03011.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes serious respiratory illness such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China. The etiological agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus, now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is most likely originated from zoonotic coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, which emerged in 2002. Within a few months of the first report, SARS-CoV-2 had spread across China and worldwide, reaching a pandemic level. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19),可引起肺炎和呼吸衰竭等严重呼吸道疾病,最初在中国湖北省省会武汉报告。COVID-19 的病原体已被确认为一种新型冠状病毒,现称为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2),其最有可能源自动物源冠状病毒,例如 2002 年出现的 SARS-CoV。在首例报告后的几个月内,SARS-CoV-2 已在中国和全球范围内传播,并达到大流行水平。由于 COVID-19 造成了巨大的人员伤亡和严重的经济损失,构成了全球性威胁,因此迫切需要了解当前的情况并制定遏制病毒传播的策略。目前,已有多种用于检测 COVID-19 的诊断试剂盒,并且几种针对 COVID-19 的重新利用疗法已显示出临床有效性。此外,全球机构和公司已开始开发用于预防 COVID-19 的疫苗。在这里,我们回顾 COVID-19 的流行病学、诊断、治疗和疫苗开发的现状。