Dingel Jonathan I, Neiman Brent
University of Chicago, Booth School of Business, NBER, CEPR, United States of America.
J Public Econ. 2020 Sep;189:104235. doi: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104235. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Evaluating the economic impact of "social distancing" measures taken to arrest the spread of COVID-19 raises a fundamental question about the modern economy: how many jobs can be performed at home? We classify the feasibility of working at home for all occupations and merge this classification with occupational employment counts. We find that 37% of jobs in the United States can be performed entirely at home, with significant variation across cities and industries. These jobs typically pay more than jobs that cannot be done at home and account for 46% of all US wages. Applying our occupational classification to 85 other countries reveals that lower-income economies have a lower share of jobs that can be done at home.
评估为遏制新冠疫情传播而采取的“社交距离”措施所产生的经济影响,引发了一个有关现代经济的根本性问题:有多少工作可以在家完成?我们对所有职业在家工作的可行性进行了分类,并将这一分类与职业就业人数相结合。我们发现,美国37%的工作可以完全在家完成,不同城市和行业之间存在显著差异。这些工作的薪酬通常高于无法在家完成的工作,占美国所有工资收入的46%。将我们的职业分类应用于其他85个国家后发现,低收入经济体中可在家完成的工作占比更低。