日粮脂肪饱和度水平对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、血脂参数、组织脂肪酸组成和肉质的影响。
Effects of dietary fat saturation level on growth performance, carcass traits, blood lipid parameters, tissue fatty acid composition and meat quality of finishing pigs.
作者信息
Chen Jing, Li Jiantao, Liu Xianjun, He Yang
机构信息
College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Shenyang Wise Diligence AgricultureTechnology Company Limited, Xinmin 110300, China.
出版信息
Anim Biosci. 2021 May;34(5):895-903. doi: 10.5713/ajas.20.0247. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various dietary unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratios (UFA to SFA ratios) on growth performance, carcass traits, blood lipid parameters, tissue fatty acid (FA) composition, and meat quality of finishing pigs.
METHODS
A total of 45 crossbred pigs ([Duroc×Landrace]×Yorkshire), with an average initial body weight of 60.3±2.4 kg, were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 dietary UFA to SFA ratios.
RESULTS
Both average daily gain and average daily feed intake of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas backfat thickness was decreased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased quadratically or linearly (p<0.05) respectively, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased quadratically (p<0.05) with increasing dietary UFA to SFA ratio. In M. longissimus thoracis, the proportion of C18:1 and monounsaturated FA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) were increased linearly (p<0.05) as dietary UFA to SFA ratio increased. In the subcutaneous adipose tissue, the proportion of SFA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA, and the UFA to SFA ratios were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Meat color scores and shear force of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas drip loss and cooking loss were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio.
CONCLUSION
Appropriately boosted dietary UFA to SFA ratio could be conductive to optimize blood lipid parameters and tissue FA composition. However, when the ratio is too high or too low it tends to have negative effects on growth performance and meat quality.
目的
本研究旨在探讨不同膳食不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比例（UFA/SFA 比例）对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、血脂参数、组织脂肪酸（FA）组成及肉质的影响。
方法
选取 45 头杂交猪（[杜洛克×长白猪]×大白猪），初始平均体重为 60.3±2.4 kg，随机分为三组，每组的膳食 UFA/SFA 比例分别为 1:1、2:1 和 3:1。
结果
随着膳食 UFA/SFA 比例的增加，猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量呈线性下降（p<0.05），而背膘厚度呈线性下降（p<0.05）。血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇分别呈二次或线性下降（p<0.05），而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇随着膳食 UFA/SFA 比例的增加呈二次增加（p<0.05）。在胸最长肌中，随着膳食 UFA/SFA 比例的增加，C18:1 和单不饱和脂肪酸的比例呈线性下降（p<0.05），而 C18:2n-6、C20:4n-6 和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的比例呈线性增加（p<0.05）。在皮下脂肪组织中，随着膳食 UFA/SFA比例的增加，饱和脂肪酸的比例呈线性下降（p<0.05），而 n-6 PUFA、n-3 PUFA 的比例以及 UFA/SFA 比例呈线性增加（p<0.05）。随着膳食 UFA/SFA 比例的增加，猪肉的肉色评分和剪切力呈线性下降（p<0.05），而滴水损失和蒸煮损失呈线性增加（p<0.05）。
结论
适当提高膳食 UFA/SFA 比例有助于优化血脂参数和组织 FA 组成。然而，当该比例过高或过低时，往往会对生长性能和肉质产生负面影响。
Zotero 插件