Ahmed Maimoona, Sood Akanksha, Gupta Janesh
Women's Health Department, Aldara Hospital and Medical Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020 Dec;255:44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.10.003. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the common chronic infections caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Even though its infection in healthy non-pregnant women is self-limited and largely asymptomatic, the main concern is the risk to the fetus by vertical transmission in pregnancy. Congenital toxoplasmosis can result in permanent neurological damage and even serious morbidity such as blindness. Screening programs are implemented in various countries depending on the prevalence and virulence of the parasite in the respective regions. Upon diagnosis of infection, appropriate antibiotic therapy should be initiated as it has been proven to reduce the risk of fetal transmission. Primary prevention remains the key intervention to avoid the infection and hence patient education is an important aspect of the management.
弓形虫病是由刚地弓形虫寄生虫引起的常见慢性感染之一。尽管健康非孕妇感染弓形虫病通常是自限性的且大多无症状,但主要担忧的是孕期垂直传播给胎儿带来的风险。先天性弓形虫病可导致永久性神经损伤,甚至引发严重疾病,如失明。各国根据各自地区寄生虫的流行率和毒力实施筛查项目。一旦诊断出感染,应开始适当的抗生素治疗,因为已证明这可降低胎儿传播的风险。一级预防仍然是避免感染的关键干预措施,因此患者教育是管理工作的一个重要方面。