急性白血病的免疫疗法。

Immunotherapies in acute leukemia.

机构信息

Hematology Adolescent and Young Adult Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France; URP-3518, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France.

出版信息

Therapie. 2022 Mar-Apr;77(2):241-250. doi: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.therap.2021.12.003

PMID:34924207

Abstract

In the past decade, immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising field of therapeutic progress in acute leukemia. Antibody-drug conjugates are now combined to standard chemotherapy backbones in both acute myeloid (AML) and lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). CD19 targeting immune cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have been approved in relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and pave the way to promising developments in acute myeloid leukemia. Next generation immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting TIM-3 or CD47 binding by SIRPα on macrophages are tested in combination to hypomethylating agents to improve survival of unfit AML patients with acceptable safety profiles. This review summarizes the antibody-derived strategies developed in the field of acute leukemias with a specific focus on recently approved drugs.

摘要

在过去的十年中，免疫疗法已经成为急性白血病治疗进展中最有前途的领域之一。抗体药物偶联物现在与急性髓系白血病（AML）和急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）的标准化疗骨干联合使用。针对 CD19 的免疫细胞衔接物和嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞已在复发/难治性 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病中获得批准，为急性髓系白血病的有希望的发展铺平了道路。针对巨噬细胞上 SIRPα 结合的 TIM-3 或 CD47 的下一代免疫检查点抑制剂与低甲基化剂联合使用，以提高具有可接受安全性特征的不适合 AML 患者的生存率，正在进行测试。这篇综述总结了急性白血病领域开发的抗体衍生策略，特别关注最近批准的药物。