Cornelius Monica E, Loretan Caitlin G, Wang Teresa W, Jamal Ahmed, Homa David M
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Mar 18;71(11):397-405. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7111a1.
Although cigarette smoking has declined over the past several decades, a diverse landscape of combustible and noncombustible tobacco products has emerged in the United States (1-4). To assess recent national estimates of commercial tobacco product use among U.S. adults aged ≥18 years, CDC analyzed data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). In 2020, an estimated 47.1 million U.S. adults (19.0%) reported currently using any commercial tobacco product, including cigarettes (12.5%), e-cigarettes (3.7%), cigars (3.5%), smokeless tobacco (2.3%), and pipes* (1.1%). From 2019 to 2020, the prevalence of overall tobacco product use, combustible tobacco product use, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and use of two or more tobacco products decreased. Among those who reported current tobacco product use, 79.6% reported using combustible products (e.g., cigarettes, cigars, or pipes), and 17.3% reported using two or more tobacco products. The prevalence of any current commercial tobacco product use was higher among the following groups: 1) men; 2) adults aged <65 years; 3) non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults and non-Hispanic adults categorized as of "Other" race; 4) adults in rural (nonmetropolitan) areas; 5) those whose highest level of educational attainment was a general educational development certificate (GED); 6) those with an annual household income <$35,000; 7) lesbian, gay, or bisexual adults; 8) uninsured adults or those with Medicaid; 9) adults living with a disability; and 10) those who regularly had feelings of anxiety or depression. Continued monitoring of tobacco product use and tailored strategies and policies that reduce the effects of inequitable conditions could aid in reducing disparities in tobacco use (1,4).
尽管在过去几十年里吸烟率有所下降,但在美国,可燃和不可燃烟草产品的格局日益多样化(1-4)。为评估美国18岁及以上成年人近期商业烟草产品使用情况的全国估计数,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)分析了2020年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)的数据。2020年,估计有4710万美国成年人(19.0%)报告目前正在使用任何商业烟草产品,包括香烟(12.5%)、电子烟(3.7%)、雪茄(3.5%)、无烟烟草(2.3%)和烟斗*(1.1%)。从2019年到2020年,总体烟草产品使用、可燃烟草产品使用、香烟、电子烟以及两种或更多烟草产品的使用率均有所下降。在报告目前使用烟草产品的人群中,79.6%报告使用可燃产品(如香烟、雪茄或烟斗),17.3%报告使用两种或更多烟草产品。以下人群中目前使用任何商业烟草产品的比例较高:1)男性;2)65岁以下成年人;3)非西班牙裔美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民(AI/AN)成年人以及被归类为“其他”种族的非西班牙裔成年人;4)农村(非大都市)地区的成年人;5)最高学历为普通教育发展证书(GED)的人;6)家庭年收入低于35000美元的人;7)女同性恋、男同性恋或双性恋成年人;8)未参保成年人或有医疗补助的人;9)残疾成年人;10)经常感到焦虑或抑郁的人。持续监测烟草产品使用情况以及制定针对性的策略和政策以减少不平等状况的影响,有助于减少烟草使用方面的差异(1,4)。