茶多酚对高脂饲料投喂条件下杂交石斑鱼（♀褐点石斑鱼×♂九棘鲈）生长、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响。
Impacts of tea polyphenols on growth, antioxidant capacity and immunity in juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) fed high-lipid diets.
机构信息
Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China.
Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
出版信息
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Sep;128:348-359. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.013. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
The experiment aimed to investigate the alteration of tea polyphenols (TP) in growth and immunity for hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) fed high-lipid diets. Six concentrations of TP (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16%, named TP1 (basic diet control), TP2, TP3, TP4, TP5, TP6) were supplied in isonitrogenous (51%) and isolipidic (16.7%) experimental diets. These diets were fed to the juvenile grouper (8.68 ± 0.22 g) for 8 weeks. The results showed that dietary TP significantly increased the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P < 0.05), compared with the control group. The protein efficiency ratio in TP4 group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). TP supplement in high-lipid diets increased antioxidant capacity in the serum (CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC) and liver (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC). Additionally, dietary TP decreased oxidative stress (ROS, MDA) and improved immunity (ACP, AKP, LYS, IgM) in the liver. The histology of hepatic tissue indicated that dietary TP alleviated pathological symptoms caused by high-lipid diets. Compared with the control group, appropriate dietary TP significantly up-regulated expression of sod, cat, gsh-px, nrf2, keap1, hsp70, hsp90, myd88, tnfα and down-regulated expression of tlr22, il8, il1β, il10 in the liver (P < 0.05). In the head kidney, expression of myd88, il1β, tnfα and il6 were significantly up-regulated and expression of tlr22 and il10 were significantly down-regulated by dietary TP (P < 0.05). After the challenge of Vibrio harveyi, survival rate in higher doses of TP group (TP4 ∼ TP6) was evidently higher, compared with the control group. In conclusion, TP supplement in high-lipid diets improved antioxidant capacity and enhanced immunity of grouper. We speculate that TP may play the role of an immunostimulant, enhancing immunity and disease resistance by cytokine-medicated immune responses. Based on the second-order regression, 0.092-0.106% tea polyphenols were recommended in juvenile grouper high-lipid diets.
本实验旨在研究高脂饲料对杂交石斑鱼（♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ×♂E. lanceolatus）生长和免疫的茶多酚（TP）变化。在等氮（51%）和等脂（16.7%）实验饲料中添加了 6 种 TP 浓度（0、0.01、0.02、0.04、0.08、0.16%，分别命名为 TP1（基础饲料对照）、TP2、TP3、TP4、TP5、TP6）。这些饲料被喂养给体重为 8.68±0.22g 的幼鱼 8 周。结果表明，与对照组相比，饲粮 TP 显著提高了增重率和特定生长率（P<0.05）。TP4 组的蛋白质效率比显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。高脂饲料中添加 TP 提高了血清（CAT、GSH-Px、T-AOC）和肝脏（SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、T-AOC）的抗氧化能力。此外，饲粮 TP 降低了肝脏的氧化应激（ROS、MDA），提高了免疫（ACP、AKP、LYS、IgM）。肝组织学表明，饲粮 TP 缓解了高脂饲料引起的病理症状。与对照组相比，适宜的饲粮 TP 显著上调了肝脏 sod、cat、gsh-px、nrf2、keap1、hsp70、hsp90、myd88、tnfα的表达，下调了 tlr22、il8、il1β、il10 的表达（P<0.05）。在头肾中，饲粮 TP 显著上调了 myd88、il1β、tnfα 和 il6 的表达，显著下调了 tlr22 和 il10 的表达（P<0.05）。经哈维氏弧菌攻毒后，高剂量 TP 组（TP4～TP6）的存活率明显高于对照组。综上所述，饲粮 TP 可提高石斑鱼的抗氧化能力，增强其免疫力。我们推测 TP 可能通过细胞因子介导的免疫反应发挥免疫刺激剂的作用，增强免疫和抗病能力。基于二次回归，建议在幼鱼高脂饲料中添加 0.092%～0.106%的茶多酚。
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