同时传播的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2变种的住院风险和重症风险比较

Comparison of the Risk of Hospitalization and Severe Disease Among Co-circulating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants.

作者信息

Trobajo-Sanmartín Camino, Miqueleiz Ana, Guevara Marcela, Fernández-Huerta Miguel, Burgui Cristina, Casado Itziar, Baigorria Fernando, Navascués Ana, Ezpeleta Carmen, Castilla Jesús

机构信息

Instituto de Salud Pblica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

CIBER Epidemiologa y Salud Pblica, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

J Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 1;227(3):332-338. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac385.

DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiac385

PMID:36179126

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We compare the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes among co-circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants between January 2021 and May 2022 in Navarra, Spain.

METHODS

We compared the frequency of hospitalization and severe disease (intensive care unit admission or death) due to COVID-19 among the co-circulating variants. Variants analyzed were nonvariants of concern (non-VOCs), Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratio (aOR).

RESULTS

The Alpha variant had a higher risk of hospitalization (aOR, 1.86 [95 confidence interval {CI}, 1.282.71]) and severe disease (aOR, 2.40 [95 CI, 1.314.40]) than non-VOCs. The Delta variant did not show a significantly different risk of hospitalization (aOR, 0.73 [95 CI, .401.30]) and severe disease (aOR, 3.04 [95 CI, .5716.22]) compared to the Alpha variant. The Omicron BA.1 significantly reduced both risks relative to the Delta variant (aORs, 0.28 [95 CI, .16.47] and 0.23 [95 CI, .12.46], respectively). The Omicron BA.2 reduced the risk of hospitalization compared to BA.1 (aOR, 0.52 [95 CI, .29.95]).

CONCLUSIONS

The Alpha and Delta variants showed an increased risk of hospitalization and severe disease, which decreased considerably with the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. Surveillance of variants can lead to important differences in severity.

摘要

背景

我们比较了2021年1月至2022年5月期间西班牙纳瓦拉共同传播的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）变体中2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）结局的风险。

方法

我们比较了共同传播的变体中因COVID-19导致的住院和重症（重症监护病房入院或死亡）频率。分析的变体包括非关注变体（非VOCs）、阿尔法、德尔塔、奥密克戎BA.1和奥密克戎BA.2。使用逻辑回归模型估计调整后的优势比（aOR）。

结果

与非VOCs相比，阿尔法变体有更高的住院风险（aOR，1.86[95%置信区间{CI}，1.28-2.71]）和重症风险（aOR，2.40[95%CI，1.31-4.40]）。与阿尔法变体相比，德尔塔变体的住院风险（aOR，0.73[95%CI，0.40-1.30]）和重症风险（aOR，3.04[95%CI，0.57-16.22]）没有显著差异。相对于德尔塔变体，奥密克戎BA.1显著降低了这两种风险（aOR分别为0.28[95%CI，0.16-0.47]和0.23[95%CI，0.12-0.46]）。与BA.1相比，奥密克戎BA.2降低了住院风险（aOR，0.52[95%CI，0.29-0.95]）。