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简短报告:为老年自闭症成年人设计的心理教育-多案例研究。

Short report: A co-designed psychoeducation for older autistic adults-a multiple case study.

机构信息

University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

HSK Group, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Autism. 2023 May;27(4):1163-1169. doi: 10.1177/13623613221138691. Epub 2022 Dec 15.

Abstract

After receiving an autism diagnosis by a clinician, psychoeducation (i.e. information regarding autism) is often offered. However, older autistic adults (55+ years) may need specific information about the challenges they face in daily life as they are in a specific life phase. A psychoeducation program for this specific age group does not exist yet. We first developed such a program together with autistic adults and clinicians working with autistic people, after which we tested the program with nine autistic adults (56-73 years) and someone close to them (so-called proxy). Before testing the program, we determined together with autistic older adults what they thought should be the outcome of this intervention in order to state whether it was, indeed, a useful intervention. Earlier studies found that autistic people often think differently about their own autistic characteristics than their proxy. A reduction of this difference could increase mutual understanding. Therefore, the main hypothesis was that the program would decrease this difference with respect to autistic characteristics and cognitive challenges (e.g. memory problems). Another hypothesis was that the program would have a positive impact on a series of other factors, such as self-esteem. The results showed that the program did neither decrease the difference in insight nor the other tested factors. Nonetheless, we believe it is important to keep on working on a psychoeducation program for older autistic adults, because participants informed us the program had still helped them in certain ways and they gave helpful feedback for improvements of the program.

摘要

在临床医生做出自闭症诊断后,通常会提供心理教育(即关于自闭症的信息)。然而,年长的自闭症成年人(55 岁以上)可能需要特定的信息,了解他们在日常生活中面临的挑战,因为他们处于特定的生命阶段。目前还没有针对这一年龄组的心理教育计划。我们首先与从事自闭症工作的自闭症成年人和临床医生一起开发了这样的计划,然后在九名自闭症成年人(56-73 岁)及其亲近的人(所谓的代理人)中测试了该计划。在测试该计划之前,我们与年长的自闭症成年人一起确定了他们认为该干预应该达到的结果,以确定它是否确实是一项有用的干预措施。早期研究发现,自闭症人士对自己的自闭症特征的看法往往与他们的代理人不同。减少这种差异可以增加相互理解。因此,主要假设是该计划将减少关于自闭症特征和认知挑战(例如记忆问题)的这种差异。另一个假设是该计划将对一系列其他因素产生积极影响,例如自尊。结果表明,该计划既没有减少洞察力的差异,也没有对其他测试因素产生影响。尽管如此,我们仍然认为为年长的自闭症成年人开发心理教育计划很重要,因为参与者告诉我们该计划仍然以某种方式帮助了他们,并且他们为改进该计划提供了有帮助的反馈。

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