伊朗吉兰省 COVID-19 疫苗对住院和死亡的有效性：一项病例对照试验。
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on hospitalization and death in Guilan, Iran: a test-negative case-control study.
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Deputy of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
出版信息
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Mar;128:212-222. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.024. Epub 2022 Dec 24.
OBJECTIVES
The present study was conducted to estimate the effectiveness of (BBIBP)-CorV (Sinopharm), ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 (AZD1222, Oxford-AstraZeneca), rAd26-rAd5 (Gam-COVID-Vac, Sputnik V), and BIV1-CovIran (COVIran Barekat) and BBV152 COVAXIN (Bharat Biotech) vaccines against hospitalization and death of COVID-19 in Guilan Province of Iran from May 22 to December 21, 2021.
METHODS
This test-negative case-control study was conducted on the population aged 5 years and above by extracting information from local databases (The Medical Care Monitoring Center and The Integrated Health System). A logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the effectiveness of the vaccines against COVID-19 hospitalization and death.
RESULTS
The total study population was 42,084, including 19,500 cases (with a positive Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction test admitted to hospitals in Guilan Province) and 22,586 controls (with a negative Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction test). Among the admitted patients, 1887 deaths occurred. The maximum effectiveness of BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) in preventing temporary hospitalization and regular hospitalization was observed 151 days after receiving the second dose, 95% (95% CI: 67-99.4%) and 85% (95% CI: 77-91%) respectively. The maximum effectiveness of the BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccine 91-120 days after receiving the second dose against death was showed 56% (95% CI: 33-71%). The maximum effectiveness of ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 (AZD1222, Oxford-AstraZeneca) and BIV1-CovIran (COVIran Barekat) in preventing regular hospitalization and death was observed 121-150 and 61-90 days (respectively) after receiving the second dose, reaching 98% (95% CI: 94-99%) and 92% (95% CI: 48-99%), respectively for ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 and 95% (95% CI: 91-97%) and 89% (95% CI: 55-98%) respectively, for BIV1-CovIran.
CONCLUSION
For almost all vaccines, the study observed an increase in effectiveness against hospitalization and death over time.
目的
本研究旨在评估（BBIBP）-CorV（国药）、ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19（AZD1222，牛津-阿斯利康）、rAd26-rAd5（Gam-COVID-Vac，卫星 V）和 BIV1-CovIran（COVIran Barekat）以及 BBV152 COVAXIN（Bharat Biotech）疫苗在伊朗吉兰省 2021 年 5 月 22 日至 12 月 21 日期间对 COVID-19 住院和死亡的有效性。
方法
本病例对照研究采用从当地数据库（医疗保健监测中心和综合卫生系统）提取信息的方法，对 5 岁及以上人群进行检测。采用逻辑回归分析评估疫苗对 COVID-19 住院和死亡的有效性。
结果
总研究人群为 42084 人，包括 19500 例（经逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测呈阳性并住院治疗的病例）和 22586 例（经逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测呈阴性的对照）。在住院患者中，有 1887 人死亡。BBIBP-CorV（国药）预防临时住院和常规住院的最大有效性在接种第二剂后 151 天观察到，分别为 95%（95%CI：67-99.4%）和 85%（95%CI：77-91%）。BBIBP-CorV（国药）疫苗在接种第二剂后 91-120 天对死亡的最大有效性为 56%（95%CI：33-71%）。ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19（AZD1222，牛津-阿斯利康）和 BIV1-CovIran（COVIran Barekat）预防常规住院和死亡的最大有效性分别在接种第二剂后 121-150 天和 61-90 天观察到，分别为 98%（95%CI：94-99%）和 92%（95%CI：48-99%），95%（95%CI：91-97%）和 89%（95%CI：55-98%）。
结论
对于几乎所有疫苗，研究观察到其对住院和死亡的有效性随着时间的推移而增加。
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