光老化微塑料通过氧化应激和斑马鱼幼鱼（Danio rerio）异常神经递质传递诱导神经毒性。
Photoaged microplastics induce neurotoxicity via oxidative stress and abnormal neurotransmission in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio).
机构信息
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jul 10;881:163480. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163480. Epub 2023 Apr 15.
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants and cause neurotoxicity in various organisms. However, previous studies that analyzed the effects of MPs mainly focused on virgin polystyrene (V-PS) as representative models of MPs, and the mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity of photoaged polystyrene (P-PS) remains largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1-100 μg/L) of V-PS and P-PS(10 μm). The results indicated that UV radiation accelerated the aging process and changed physical and chemical properties of PS. Whereas exposure to both V-PS and P-PS at low concentrations (100 μg/L) significantly reduced the locomotor behavior of zebrafish larvae, P-PS caused more severe neurotoxicity compared to V-PS. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GST) and MDA content were significantly altered in zebrafish exposed to 10-100 μg/L of P-PS. Similarly, exposure to P-PS significantly increased neurotransmitter (5-HT, GABA, DA, and ACh) levels and activity of AChE, ChAT, and ChE. Star plots based on integrated biomarker response (IBR) values showed more incline toward neurotransmitter biomarkers in response to increasing P-PS concentration, and the behavioral parameters negatively correlated with the neurotransmitter biomarkers. Further investigations revealed that the expression of neurotransmission- (e.g., ache, drd3, 5th2c, and gat1) and oxidative stress- (e.g., cat1, sod1, gpx1a, and gstrl) related genes was significantly affected by PS in larval zebrafish. Thus, this study provides new insights on the potential risks of MPs into the environment.
微塑料（MPs）是普遍存在的环境污染物，会对各种生物造成神经毒性。然而，之前分析 MPs 影响的研究主要集中在原始聚苯乙烯（V-PS）作为 MPs 的代表性模型上，而光老化聚苯乙烯（P-PS）的神经毒性机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这项研究中，斑马鱼（Danio rerio）暴露于环境相关浓度（0.1-100μg/L）的 V-PS 和 P-PS（10μm）。结果表明，UV 辐射加速了 PS 的老化过程并改变了其物理和化学性质。虽然暴露于低浓度（100μg/L）的 V-PS 和 P-PS 都会显著降低斑马鱼幼虫的运动行为，但 P-PS 引起的神经毒性比 V-PS 更严重。暴露于 10-100μg/L 的 P-PS 会显著改变斑马鱼体内抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT 和 GST）的活性和 MDA 含量。同样，暴露于 P-PS 会显著增加神经递质（5-HT、GABA、DA 和 ACh）水平和 AChE、ChAT 和 ChE 的活性。基于综合生物标志物响应（IBR）值的星图显示，随着 P-PS 浓度的增加，神经递质生物标志物的倾斜度更大，行为参数与神经递质生物标志物呈负相关。进一步的研究表明，PS 显著影响了神经递质传递（例如 ache、drd3、5th2c 和 gat1）和氧化应激（例如 cat1、sod1、gpx1a 和 gstrl）相关基因在幼鱼斑马鱼中的表达。因此，本研究为 MPs 对环境的潜在风险提供了新的见解。
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