加纳改善接触者追踪工作面临的挑战与机遇：来自邦奥地区 2019 冠状病毒病相关接触者追踪工作的经验。
Challenges and opportunities for improved contact tracing in Ghana: experiences from Coronavirus disease-2019-related contact tracing in the Bono region.
机构信息
Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2023 May 18;23(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08317-6.
BACKGROUND
In Ghana, contact tracing received heightened attention in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic during its peak period. Despite the successes achieved, numerous challenges continue to limit the efforts of contact tracing in completely curtailing the effect of the pandemic. Despite these challenges, there are still opportunities that could be harnessed from the COVID-19 contact tracing experience for future eventualities. This study thus identified the challenges and opportunities associated with COVID-19 contact tracing in the Bono Region of Ghana.
METHODS
Using a focus group discussion (FGD) approach, an exploratory qualitative design was conducted in six selected districts of the Bono region of Ghana in this study. The purposeful sampling technique was employed to recruit 39 contact tracers who were grouped into six focus groups. A thematic content analysis approach via ATLAS ti version 9.0 software was used to analyse the data and presented under two broad themes.
RESULTS
The discussants reported twelve (12) challenges that hindered effective contact tracing in the Bono region. These include inadequate personal protective equipment, harassment by contacts, politicisation of the discourse around the disease, stigmatization, delays in processing test results, poor remuneration and lack of insurance package, inadequate staffing, difficulty in locating contacts, poor quarantine practices, poor education on COVID-19, language barrier and transportation challenges. Opportunities for improving contact tracing include cooperation, awareness creation, leveraging on knowledge gained in contact tracing, and effective emergency plans for future pandemics.
CONCLUSION
There is a need for health authorities, particularly in the region, and the state as a whole to address contact tracing-related challenges while simultaneously harnessing the recommended opportunities for improved contact tracing in the future for effective pandemic control.
背景
在加纳，接触者追踪在 COVID-19 大流行高峰期受到高度重视，以抗击该疾病。尽管取得了成功，但仍有许多挑战继续限制接触者追踪工作的成效，无法完全遏制大流行的影响。尽管存在这些挑战，但仍有机会可以从 COVID-19 接触者追踪经验中吸取，以备未来不时之需。因此，本研究确定了加纳博诺地区 COVID-19 接触者追踪相关的挑战和机遇。
方法
本研究采用焦点小组讨论（FGD）方法，在加纳博诺地区的六个选定地区进行了探索性定性设计。采用目的抽样技术招募了 39 名接触追踪者，将其分为六个焦点小组。使用 ATLAS ti 版本 9.0 软件进行主题内容分析方法对数据进行分析，并分为两个广泛的主题进行呈现。
结果
讨论者报告了在博诺地区阻碍有效接触者追踪的十二（12）项挑战。这些挑战包括个人防护设备不足、接触者骚扰、疾病相关话语的政治化、污名化、检测结果处理延迟、薪酬和保险计划不足、人员配备不足、难以找到接触者、隔离实践不佳、对 COVID-19 的教育不足、语言障碍和交通挑战。改善接触者追踪的机会包括合作、提高认识、利用在接触者追踪中获得的知识，以及为未来的大流行制定有效的应急计划。
结论
卫生当局，特别是该地区和整个国家，需要解决与接触者追踪相关的挑战，同时利用建议的机会，为未来更有效的大流行控制改进接触者追踪。
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