dsRNA 世界的竞争格局。
The competitive landscape of the dsRNA world.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
出版信息
Mol Cell. 2024 Jan 4;84(1):107-119. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.11.033. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
The ability to sense and respond to infection is essential for life. Viral infection produces double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that are sensed by proteins that recognize the structure of dsRNA. This structure-based recognition of viral dsRNA allows dsRNA sensors to recognize infection by many viruses, but it comes at a cost-the dsRNA sensors cannot always distinguish between "self" and "nonself" dsRNAs. "Self" RNAs often contain dsRNA regions, and not surprisingly, mechanisms have evolved to prevent aberrant activation of dsRNA sensors by "self" RNA. Here, we review current knowledge about the life of endogenous dsRNAs in mammals-the biosynthesis and processing of dsRNAs, the proteins they encounter, and their ultimate degradation. We highlight mechanisms that evolved to prevent aberrant dsRNA sensor activation and the importance of competition in the regulation of dsRNA sensors and other dsRNA-binding proteins.
感知和应对感染的能力对生命至关重要。病毒感染会产生双链 RNA(dsRNA)，dsRNA 被识别 dsRNA 结构的蛋白质所感知。这种基于结构的 dsRNA 识别使 dsRNA 传感器能够识别多种病毒的感染，但这也带来了代价——dsRNA 传感器不能总是区分“自身”和“非自身”dsRNA。“自身”RNA 通常含有 dsRNA 区域，毫不奇怪，已经进化出一些机制来防止 dsRNA 传感器被“自身”RNA 异常激活。在这里，我们综述了关于哺乳动物内源性 dsRNA 的生命的最新知识——dsRNA 的生物合成和加工、它们所遇到的蛋白质以及它们的最终降解。我们强调了进化出的防止 dsRNA 传感器异常激活的机制，以及竞争在 dsRNA 传感器和其他 dsRNA 结合蛋白的调控中的重要性。
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