采用虚拟现实治疗态度量表（AVRT 量表）了解公众对虚拟现实心理治疗的看法：混合方法开发研究。
Understanding Public Perceptions of Virtual Reality Psychological Therapy Using the Attitudes Towards Virtual Reality Therapy (AVRT) Scale: Mixed Methods Development Study.
机构信息
National Institute of Health and Care Research MindTech MedTech Co-operative, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
National Institute of Health and Care Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
出版信息
JMIR Ment Health. 2024 Jan 12;11:e48537. doi: 10.2196/48537.
BACKGROUND
Virtual reality (VR) psychological therapy has the potential to increase access to evidence-based mental health interventions by automating their delivery while maintaining outcomes. However, it is unclear whether these more automated therapies are acceptable to potential users of mental health services.
OBJECTIVE
The main aim of this study was to develop a new, validated questionnaire to measure public perceptions of VR therapy (VRT) guided by a virtual coach. We also aimed to explore these perceptions in depth and test how aspects such as familiarity with VR and mental health are associated with these perceptions, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
METHODS
We used a cross-sectional mixed methods design and conducted an exploratory factor analysis of a questionnaire that we developed, the Attitudes Towards Virtual Reality Therapy (AVRT) Scale, and a qualitative content analysis of the data collected through free-text responses during completion of the questionnaire.
RESULTS
We received 295 responses and identified 4 factors within the AVRT Scale, including attitudes toward VRT, expectation of presence, preference for VRT, and cost-effectiveness. We found that being more familiar with VR was correlated with more positive attitudes toward VRT (factor 1), a higher expectation of presence (factor 2), a preference for VRT over face-to-face therapy (factor 3), and a belief that VRT is cost-effective (factor 4). Qualitative data supported the factors we identified and indicated that VRT is acceptable when delivered at home and guided by a virtual coach.
CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first to validate a scale to explore attitudes toward VRT guided by a virtual coach. Our findings indicate that people are willing to try VRT, particularly because it offers increased access and choice, and that as VR becomes ubiquitous, they will also have positive attitudes toward VRT. Future research should further validate the AVRT Scale.
背景
虚拟现实（VR）心理疗法具有通过自动化提供治疗而维持疗效的潜力，从而增加获得循证心理健康干预的机会。然而，尚不清楚这些更自动化的疗法是否能被潜在的心理健康服务使用者接受。
目的
本研究的主要目的是开发一种新的、经过验证的问卷，通过虚拟教练指导来衡量公众对 VR 疗法（VRT）的看法。我们还旨在通过定量和定性方法，深入探讨这些看法，并测试对 VR 的熟悉程度和心理健康等方面如何与这些看法相关联。
方法
我们使用了横断面混合方法设计，对我们开发的问卷，即对虚拟现实疗法的态度量表（Attitudes Towards Virtual Reality Therapy Scale，AVRT Scale）进行了探索性因子分析，并对通过问卷完成过程中的自由文本回复收集的数据进行了定性内容分析。
结果
我们共收到 295 份回复，并在 AVRT Scale 中确定了 4 个因素，包括对 VRT 的态度、对存在感的预期、对 VRT 的偏好和成本效益。我们发现，对 VR 的熟悉程度与对 VRT 的更积极态度（第 1 个因素）、更高的存在感预期（第 2 个因素）、对 VRT 相对于面对面治疗的偏好（第 3 个因素）以及对 VRT 具有成本效益的信念（第 4 个因素）相关。定性数据支持了我们确定的因素，并表明当 VRT 在家中由虚拟教练指导时是可以接受的。
结论
本研究是第一个验证用于探索由虚拟教练指导的 VRT 态度的量表。我们的研究结果表明，人们愿意尝试 VRT，特别是因为它提供了更多的机会和选择，而且随着 VR 的普及，他们也会对 VRT 持积极态度。未来的研究应进一步验证 AVRT Scale。
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