吸烟、水烟对听力损失/听力障碍的影响：一项横断面研究。
The Impact of Cigarette Smoking, Water-Pipe Use on Hearing Loss/Hearing Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
出版信息
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Jan 1;25(1):109-114. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.1.109.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to determine the association between cigarette smoking, waterpipe smoking, and co-morbidity diseases on hearing loss.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1015 patients [386 males (38%) and 629 females (62%)] who were aged are between 25 and 65 years. The study used clinical, physical examinations and Pure-Tone Audiometry (PTA) to assess hearing. Univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were used for the statistical analysis.
RESULTS
Out of 1015 patients assessed, 199 were cigarette smokers with hearing loss (21.6%) and 111 waterpipe smokers with hearing loss (12%). There were statistically significant differences between cigarette smokers with hearing loss regarding (p<0.001), gender (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.001), tinnitus (p<0.001), vertigo and/or dizziness (p<0.001), and migraine/headaches (p<0.001). Also there were statistically significant differences between waterpipe smokers with hearing loss, none smokers concerning age groups (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), using MP3 players (p=0.004), family history of hypertension (p=0.026), ATP III metabolic syndrome (p=0.010), IDF metabolic syndrome (p=0.012), tinnitus (p<0.001), vertigo/dizziness (p<0.001), and migraine/headaches (p=0.025). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that tinnitus (p<0.001), dizziness (p<0.001), nausea (p=0.001), headaches and migraine (p<=0.003), fatigue (p=0.004), and vertigo (p=0.022) were considered as risk predictors risk hearing loss related cigarette smokers. Also, analysis revealed that tinnitus (p<0.001), nausea (p=0.001), headaches and migraines (p<0.001), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), and vertigo (p=0.021), were considered as risk predictors for hearing loss related waterpipe smokers.
CONCLUSION
The present study suggests cigarette smoking and waterpipe smoking, life-style factors are possible risk factors for hearing loss among smoker participants.
目的
本研究旨在探讨吸烟、水烟吸烟与听力损失合并症之间的关系。
方法
采用横断面研究方法，对 1015 名年龄在 25 至 65 岁之间的患者（386 名男性[38%]和 629 名女性[62%]）进行研究。研究使用临床、体格检查和纯音测听（PTA）来评估听力。采用单变量和多变量逐步逻辑回归分析进行统计分析。
结果
在评估的 1015 名患者中，有 199 名吸烟者有听力损失（21.6%），111 名水烟吸烟者有听力损失（12%）。吸烟者中听力损失与性别（p<0.001）、BMI（p<0.001）、高血压（p<0.001）、耳鸣（p<0.001）、眩晕和/或头晕（p<0.001）、偏头痛/头痛（p<0.001）有显著差异。水烟吸烟者中听力损失与非吸烟者之间也存在显著差异，与年龄组（p<0.001）、BMI（p<0.001）、使用 MP3 播放器（p=0.004）、高血压家族史（p=0.026）、ATP III 代谢综合征（p=0.010）、IDF 代谢综合征（p=0.012）、耳鸣（p<0.001）、眩晕/头晕（p<0.001）和偏头痛/头痛（p=0.025）有关。多变量逐步逻辑回归分析表明，耳鸣（p<0.001）、头晕（p<0.001）、恶心（p=0.001）、头痛和偏头痛（p<=0.003）、疲劳（p=0.004）、眩晕（p=0.022）是与吸烟者听力损失相关的风险预测因素。此外，分析显示耳鸣（p<0.001）、恶心（p=0.001）、头痛和偏头痛（p<0.001）、2 型糖尿病（p<0.001）和眩晕（p=0.021）是与水烟吸烟者听力损失相关的风险预测因素。
结论
本研究表明，吸烟和水烟吸烟、生活方式因素可能是吸烟者听力损失的危险因素。
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