新泽西州亚裔美国人的社会经济地位与疫苗犹豫、不情愿和信心之间的关系。
Association between Socioeconomic Status and Vaccination Hesitancy, Reluctancy and Confidence among Asian-Americans Living in the State of New Jersey.
机构信息
School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
出版信息
J Community Health. 2024 Oct;49(5):829-834. doi: 10.1007/s10900-024-01381-2. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
BACKGROUD
Socioeconomic status (SES) plays a vital role in determining vaccination uptake and attitudes. Vaccine hesitancy varies among different communities, yet knowledge of vaccine attitudes among Asian-Americans is limited.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the relationship between SES and vaccine attitudes among Asian-Americans in the State of New Jersey (NJ).
METHODS
Asian-Americans aged ≥ 18 years living in NJ were included (N = 157). SES was measured by education level, employment type, employment status, and household income. The primary outcomes were vaccine hesitancy, reluctance, and confidence for COVID-19, influenza, and pneumococcal vaccines. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between SES and vaccine hesitancy while controlling for confounders such as age, gender, birthplace, and religion.
RESULTS
Among 157 participants, 12.1% reported vaccine hesitancy. There was no statistically significant association between vaccine hesitancy and education level (p = 0.68), employment status (p = 1), employment type (p = 0.48), and household income (p = 0.15). Multivariable logistic regression modeling confirmed that none of the SES predictor variables were associated with vaccine hesitancy. However, as exploratory finding, gender was found to be a significant predictor, with males having lower odds of vaccine hesitancy than females (Adjusted OR = 0.14; p < 0.05). Confidence in influenza and pneumococcal vaccines increased during the pandemic, from 62.34% to 70.13% and from 59.2% to 70.51%, respectively. For the COVID-19 vaccine, 73.1% of participants reported having "a lot of confidence" in taking vaccine.
CONCLUSION
Most sampled Asian-Americans in NJ have high confidence in taking COVID-19 vaccines, and there is no significant association between vaccine hesitancy and SES.
背景
社会经济地位（SES）在决定疫苗接种率和态度方面起着至关重要的作用。不同社区的疫苗犹豫程度存在差异，但亚洲裔美国人的疫苗态度知之甚少。
目的
本研究旨在调查新泽西州（NJ）亚洲裔美国人的 SES 与疫苗态度之间的关系。
方法
纳入年龄≥18 岁、居住在 NJ 的亚洲裔成年人（N=157）。SES 通过教育水平、就业类型、就业状况和家庭收入来衡量。主要结局指标是对 COVID-19、流感和肺炎球菌疫苗的犹豫、勉强和信心。进行描述性和推断性统计分析。多变量逻辑回归用于确定 SES 与疫苗犹豫之间的关联，同时控制年龄、性别、出生地和宗教等混杂因素。
结果
在 157 名参与者中，有 12.1%报告了疫苗犹豫。疫苗犹豫与教育水平（p=0.68）、就业状况（p=1）、就业类型（p=0.48）和家庭收入（p=0.15）之间无统计学显著关联。多变量逻辑回归模型证实，SES 预测变量均与疫苗犹豫无关。然而，作为探索性发现，性别被发现是一个显著的预测因素，男性比女性接种疫苗的犹豫程度更低（调整后的 OR=0.14；p<0.05）。流感和肺炎球菌疫苗的信心在大流行期间有所增加，分别从 62.34%增加到 70.13%和从 59.2%增加到 70.51%。对于 COVID-19 疫苗，73.1%的参与者报告对接种疫苗“非常有信心”。
结论
NJ 抽样的大多数亚洲裔美国人对 COVID-19 疫苗有很高的信心，疫苗犹豫与 SES 之间没有显著关联。
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