较高的活微生物膳食摄入量与生物衰老加速呈负相关。

Gan Da, Wang Xiaoyan, Wu Xuebiao, Han Shuang

Jiangxi Medicine Academy of Nutrition and Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.

Food Funct. 2025 Mar 3;16(5):1809-1819. doi: 10.1039/d4fo04230a.

: It remains unclear whether dietary live microbe intake is associated with biological aging. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary live microbe intake and biological aging. : Our study included 7719 participants aged 20 years and older from the 2007-2010 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants were categorized into groups using two distinct methods. The first method grouped participants based on the live microbial level of the consumed foods, dividing them into three dietary live microbe intake groups: low, medium, and high. The second method classified participants according to the quantity of live microbe-containing foods they consumed (referred to as MedHi), with three groups: G1 (no MedHi intake), G2 (MedHi intake below the median), and G3 (MedHi intake above the median). Biological age was evaluated using the Klemera-Doubal method biological age (KDM-BA) and phenotypic age (PA). KDM-BA acceleration and PA acceleration was determined if participants' KDM-BA or PA exceeded their chronological age, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to explore the associations of dietary live microbe intake groups and dietary MedHi intake groups with the acceleration of KDM-BA and PA. : Compared with participants in the low dietary live microbe intake group, those in the high dietary live microbe intake group had a 20% (95% CI: 2% to 35%) reduced risk of KDM-BA acceleration and a 25% (95% CI: 4% to 42%) reduced risk of PA acceleration. Similarly, participants in the G3 group with higher dietary MedHi intake had a 24% (95% CI: 10% to 35%) lower risk of KDM-BA acceleration and a 29% (95% CI: 17% to 39%) lower risk of PA acceleration compared with those in the G1 group. The stratified analyses showed that the associations of dietary MedHi intake with accelerated KDM-BA and PA were not influenced by age, gender, race, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, race, and history of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. : Higher dietary intake of live microbes was inversely associated with accelerated biological aging. A diet rich in live microbes may help slow down the aging process.

饮食中摄入活微生物是否与生物衰老相关仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在调查饮食中活微生物摄入量与生物衰老之间的关联。

我们的研究纳入了来自2007 - 2010年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）20岁及以上的7719名参与者。参与者通过两种不同方法进行分组。第一种方法根据所食用食物的活微生物水平对参与者进行分组，将他们分为三个饮食活微生物摄入组：低、中、高。第二种方法根据参与者食用的含活微生物食物的量（称为MedHi）对参与者进行分类，分为三组：G1（无MedHi摄入）、G2（MedHi摄入量低于中位数）和G3（MedHi摄入量高于中位数）。使用克莱梅拉 - 杜巴尔方法生物年龄（KDM - BA）和表型年龄（PA）评估生物年龄。如果参与者的KDM - BA或PA分别超过其实际年龄，则确定为KDM - BA加速和PA加速。进行多变量逻辑回归模型以探讨饮食活微生物摄入组和饮食MedHi摄入组与KDM - BA和PA加速之间的关联。

与低饮食活微生物摄入组的参与者相比，高饮食活微生物摄入组的参与者KDM - BA加速风险降低20%（95%CI：2%至35%），PA加速风险降低25%（95%CI：4%至42%）。同样，与G1组相比，饮食MedHi摄入量较高的G3组参与者KDM - BA加速风险降低24%（95%CI：10%至35%），PA加速风险降低29%（95%CI：17%至39%）。分层分析表明，饮食MedHi摄入量与加速的KDM - BA和PA之间的关联不受年龄、性别、种族、吸烟、饮酒、身体活动、种族以及高血压、糖尿病和心血管疾病病史的影响。

较高的饮食活微生物摄入量与加速的生物衰老呈负相关。富含活微生物的饮食可能有助于减缓衰老过程。