阿尔茨海默病药物研发的最新进展：全面综述

Recent Advances in Drug Development for Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

作者信息

Xing Haonan, Yue Song, Qin Runtian, Du Xiaoxue, Wu Yili, Zhangsun Dongting, Luo Sulan

机构信息

Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.

Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research for Mental Disorders, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, School of Mental Health, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 21;26(8):3905. doi: 10.3390/ijms26083905.

DOI:10.3390/ijms26083905

PMID:40332804

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12028297/

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairments such as memory loss and executive dysfunction. The primary pathological features of AD include the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins leading to neurofibrillary tangles, disruptions of neuronal and synaptic functions, and chronic inflammatory responses. These multifactorial interactions drive disease progression. To date, various therapeutic agents targeting these pathological mechanisms have been developed. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of AD, recent advances in drug development targeting different pathways, current challenges, and future directions, aiming to offer valuable insights for clinical treatment and research.

摘要

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其特征为认知障碍，如记忆丧失和执行功能障碍。AD的主要病理特征包括β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）斑块的沉积、导致神经原纤维缠结的tau蛋白过度磷酸化、神经元和突触功能的破坏以及慢性炎症反应。这些多因素相互作用推动疾病进展。迄今为止，已开发出针对这些病理机制的各种治疗药物。本文全面综述了AD的发病机制、针对不同途径的药物研发最新进展、当前挑战及未来方向，旨在为临床治疗和研究提供有价值的见解。