The Role of the Exposome in Aging and Age-Related Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

Aging is a very complex process, which is genetically and environmentally driven. Aging and age-related disease onset are strongly dependent on the exposome (all environmental exposures from conception to death). This review focuses on how environmental load accumulated throughout life, possibly through oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic modulation, influence aging. Specific environmental contributors to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's and how they have biological impact are explored by us. We also review recent advances performed in exposome research focusing on biomonitoring and multiomics approaches, which allow for novel discovery of the mechanisms for aging related to exposome. We also suggest potential preventive actions that will help to offset the environmental risks and achieve healthy aging. Knowing how the environment plays a role in aging gives the opportunity to develop better strategies to prevent and manage diseases related to age.