The Therapeutic Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides Isolated from the Skin Secretions of Anurans of the Genus in the Face of the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis.

Microorganisms play a dual role in human health, serving as both essential allies and serious threats. Their association with infections led to the development of antimicrobials like penicillin, which revolutionized medicine. However, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has created a global health crisis, rendering many treatments ineffective due to pathogen mutations and acquired resistance mechanisms, particularly among ESKAPE pathogens. This resistance increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, exacerbated by antibiotic overuse and globalization. Biofilms and sepsis further complicate treatment. Addressing AMR requires new therapies, rational antibiotic use, and innovative approaches for drug discovery. Coordinated global action is essential to ensure future access to effective treatments. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from species (Anura, Hylidae) represent a promising alternative in the fight against AMR. These peptides exhibit activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Unlike conventional antibiotics, peptides act through a broad mechanism that limits resistance development. Their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes and modulate immune responses makes them ideal candidates for the development of new treatments. These peptides may offer valuable alternatives for treating resistant infections and addressing the global AMR crisis.