免疫相关疾病中的环状RNA

Circular RNAs in Immune-Related Diseases.

作者信息

Idda Maria Laura, Fara Antonella Francesca, Floris Matteo

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1485:417-435. doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-9428-0_24.

DOI:10.1007/978-981-96-9428-0_24

PMID:40886289

Abstract

CircRNAs are a novel class of noncoding RNAs characterized by a covalently closed loop structure lacking both a 3' polyadenylation tail and a 5' cap. Increasing evidence demonstrated that circRNAs can participate in several biological processes including immune system physiology and immune-related diseases. CircRNAs act on immune pathways through several molecular mechanisms including miRNAs and RBP sponges, protein scaffolds, and mRNA stability modulation via diverse signaling pathways including MAPK, JAK-STAT, and Wnt signaling pathway. Recently, circRNAs have also been studied as biomarkers for immune diseases as well as new potential therapeutic targets. Effects of dysregulated circRNA levels correlate, among others, with alterations in immune cell behavior, cytokines production, and immune response in general.In this chapter, we describe new experimental progress in circRNAs that participates in the regulation of the immune system and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases.

摘要

环状RNA（circRNAs）是一类新型的非编码RNA，其特征在于具有共价闭合环结构，既没有3'聚腺苷酸化尾，也没有5'帽结构。越来越多的证据表明，circRNAs可以参与多种生物学过程，包括免疫系统生理学和免疫相关疾病。CircRNAs通过多种分子机制作用于免疫途径，包括miRNAs和RBP海绵、蛋白质支架，以及通过包括MAPK、JAK-STAT和Wnt信号通路在内的多种信号通路调节mRNA稳定性。最近，circRNAs也被作为免疫疾病的生物标志物以及新的潜在治疗靶点进行研究。circRNA水平失调的影响尤其与免疫细胞行为改变、细胞因子产生以及整体免疫反应相关。在本章中，我们描述了circRNAs在参与免疫系统调节以及自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病发病机制方面的新实验进展。