黑人青年的表面韧性：对日常压力的努力应对与睡眠反应
Skin-deep resilience in Black youth: Striving and sleep reactivity to daily stress.
作者信息
Lam Phoebe H, Miller Gregory E, Chiang Jessica J, Chiu Rachel Y, Law Jayson, Obi Vanessa, Mu Zidi, El-Sheikh Mona, Shimbo Daichi, Chen Edith
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University.
出版信息
Health Psychol. 2025 Sep 4. doi: 10.1037/hea0001535.
OBJECTIVE
Referred to as "skin-deep resilience," previous studies have found that striving-characterized by high levels of self-control and perseverance-is linked with better psychological health, but worse physical health, particularly among youth of color who have low socioeconomic status. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the role of sleep reactivity (poorer sleep following daily stress) in skin-deep resilience by examining the associations among striving, sleep reactivity, psychological health, and a subclinical marker of cardiovascular disease.
METHOD
Participants were 315 Black youth with low socioeconomic status, who completed self-reported measures of striving (self-control and grit) and psychological health (well-being and internalizing symptoms). Using an 8-day diary and actigraphy approach, sleep reactivity was operationalized as changes in sleep duration, efficiency, and awakenings on days youth reported more stress. Subclinical cardiovascular disease was assessed by measuring peripheral endothelium-dependent vasodilation, determined by measuring brachial artery flow-mediated dilation.
RESULTS
High strivers exhibited good psychological health (well-being: β = .46; internalizing symptoms: β = -.31) but had sleep systems that were more responsive to daily stress (i.e., striving was associated with shorter, β = .17, less efficient, β = .13, and less continuous, β = .11, sleep on days with more stress); in turn, sleep reactivity to daily stress was associated with poorer flow-mediated dilation (efficiency β = -.17, awakenings β = -.13).
CONCLUSION
These findings highlight the sleep system's reactivity to daily stressors as a potential mechanism underlying skin-deep resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
目的
以往研究发现，以高度自我控制和毅力为特征的奋斗精神——被称为“肤浅的复原力”——与更好的心理健康相关，但与较差的身体健康相关，尤其是在社会经济地位较低的有色人种青年中。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究通过考察奋斗精神、睡眠反应性、心理健康和心血管疾病亚临床标志物之间的关联，探讨了睡眠反应性（日常压力后睡眠质量较差）在肤浅复原力中的作用。
方法
研究对象为315名社会经济地位较低的黑人青年，他们完成了关于奋斗精神（自我控制和毅力）和心理健康（幸福感和内化症状）的自我报告测量。采用为期8天的日记和活动记录仪方法，将睡眠反应性定义为青年报告压力较大的日子里睡眠时间、睡眠效率和觉醒次数的变化。通过测量外周内皮依赖性血管舒张来评估亚临床心血管疾病，外周内皮依赖性血管舒张通过测量肱动脉血流介导的舒张来确定。
结果
高奋斗者表现出良好的心理健康（幸福感：β = 0.46；内化症状：β = -0.31），但其睡眠系统对日常压力更敏感（即奋斗精神与压力较大日子里较短的睡眠时间相关，β = 0.17，较低的睡眠效率相关，β = 0.13，以及较差的睡眠连续性相关，β = 0.11）；反过来，对日常压力的睡眠反应性与较差的血流介导舒张相关（效率β = -0.17，觉醒次数β = -0.13）。
结论
这些发现突出了睡眠系统对日常压力源的反应性，这是肤浅复原力潜在的一种机制。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
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