McGovern Theresa
Women's Health and Human Rights Initiative, Clinical Population and Family and Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Reprod Health Matters. 2007 May;15(29):119-29. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(07)29290-0.
There is a health care crisis in the United States and women, particularly low-income women and women of colour, are paying the price. The politicisation of pregnancy, sexuality and women's reproductive rights has created a uniquely contradictory situation in many states. Policymakers are working to control women's reproductive choices and sexuality, and restricting sex education, but doing little to address the overall lack of access to quality reproductive health care. This article describes a new reproductive rights advocacy model that was implemented starting in 2003 in two US states, South Carolina and Florida. In-depth research on the status of reproductive health and rights in each state, analysed by race, economic status, county and state policy initiatives relevant to women's health, showed that in both states access to contraception and abortion, cervical and breast cancer screening and treatment, HIV/AIDS-related care and pregnancy care were poor, with African American and Hispanic women faring even worse than white women. Implementing the advocacy model involved identifying and bringing together a diverse set of health care professionals, academics and activists who formed coalitions and are now working together and developing advocacy strategies in support of policies to improve access to reproductive health care and protect reproductive rights in both states.
美国存在医疗保健危机,而女性,尤其是低收入女性和有色人种女性正在为此付出代价。在许多州,怀孕、性取向和女性生殖权利的政治化造成了一种独特的矛盾局面。政策制定者致力于控制女性的生殖选择和性取向,限制性教育,但在解决整体上缺乏高质量生殖保健服务这一问题上却几乎无所作为。本文介绍了一种新的生殖权利倡导模式,该模式于2003年起在美国南卡罗来纳州和佛罗里达州实施。对每个州生殖健康和权利状况进行的深入研究,按种族、经济状况、县以及与女性健康相关的州政策举措进行分析,结果表明,在这两个州,获得避孕和堕胎服务、宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查与治疗、艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关护理以及孕期护理的情况都很糟糕,非裔美国女性和西班牙裔女性的情况比白人女性更糟。实施该倡导模式包括识别并召集一批不同的医疗保健专业人员、学者和活动家,他们组成了联盟,目前正在共同努力,并制定倡导策略,以支持改善这两个州生殖保健服务可及性和保护生殖权利的政策。