Leech therapy in cutaneous surgery and disease.

BACKGROUND

Over the ages, the use of leeches in medicine has evolved from haphazard bloodletting to a well-understood physiologic process with defined, rational applications.

OBJECTIVE

The authors describe the current role of leech therapy in cutaneous surgery and medicine.

METHODS

Case series and review of the literature.

RESULTS

Leech saliva contains anticoagulative, anti-aggregative and vasodilatory components. Combined with the annelid's mechanical ability to extract blood, leeches can contribute to patients' health with minimal risks.

CONCLUSION

Leeches should be considered as novel therapies for disorders of coagulation and venous congestion. Implementation of leech treatment should be tempered with the potential adverse effects, including Aeromonas infection and a drop in hematocrit that might require a blood transfusion.