动物模型如何为颈挥鞭伤向慢性症状的转变提供信息？
How can animal models inform on the transition to chronic symptoms in whiplash?
机构信息
Department of Bioengineering and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6321, USA.
出版信息
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Dec 1;36(25 Suppl):S218-25. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182387f96.
STUDY DESIGN
A nonsystematic review of the literature.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to present general schema for mechanisms of whiplash pain and review the role of animal models in understanding the development of chronic pain from whiplash injury.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Extensive biomechanical and clinical studies of whiplash have been performed to understand the injury mechanisms and symptoms of whiplash injury. However, only recently have animal models of this painful disorder been developed based on other pain models in the literature.
METHODS
A nonsystematic review was performed and findings were integrated to formulate a generalized picture of mechanisms by which chronic whiplash pain develops from mechanical tissue injuries.
RESULTS
The development of chronic pain from tissue injuries in the neck due to whiplash involves complex interactions between the injured tissue and spinal neuroimmune circuits. A variety of animal models are beginning to define these mechanisms.
CONCLUSION
Continued work is needed in developing appropriate animal models to investigate chronic pain from whiplash injuries and care must be taken to determine whether such models aim to model the injury event or the pain symptoms.
研究设计
文献的非系统性回顾。
目的
旨在提出挥鞭样损伤疼痛的一般机制，并综述动物模型在理解挥鞭样损伤后慢性疼痛发展中的作用。
背景资料总结
为了理解挥鞭样损伤的损伤机制和症状，已经进行了大量的挥鞭样损伤的生物力学和临床研究。然而，直到最近，才根据文献中的其他疼痛模型，开发出了这种疼痛障碍的动物模型。
方法
进行了非系统性回顾，并将研究结果整合起来，以形成一个从机械组织损伤发展为慢性挥鞭样疼痛的机制的综合图。
结果
颈部组织损伤导致慢性疼痛的发展涉及受伤组织和脊髓神经免疫回路之间的复杂相互作用。各种动物模型开始定义这些机制。
结论
需要继续努力开发适当的动物模型来研究挥鞭样损伤后的慢性疼痛，并且必须注意确定这些模型的目的是模拟损伤事件还是疼痛症状。
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