Newborn/Infant Intensive Care Unit, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2012 Jan-Feb;37(1):10-6. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0b013e31823850ea.
Diaper dermatitis (DD), an acute inflammatory reaction of skin in the perineal area, is an extremely common pediatric condition. Nurses' practice of preventing and treating DD is inconsistent and often not evidence-based. In addition, a 2008 Skin Injury Prevalence Study at our hospital revealed that 24% of inpatients had DD. The authors developed a project to determine a consistent and evidence-based approach to DD prevention and treatment including the availability of products. A complete literature review was conducted in addition to benchmarking with other pediatric hospitals, consultation with topic experts, and evaluation of current nursing practice prior to revising the existing perineal skin care nursing standard. The evidence supports frequent diaper changes, use of super absorbent diapers, and protection of perineal skin with a product containing petrolatum and/or zinc oxide. As supported by the literature, we revised the standard to include improvements in practice as well as product updates for prevention and treatment. Hospital-wide implementation of the revised standard included training "Skin Care Champions" to educate staff and support practice improvements. Ongoing education and monitoring by the Skin Care Champions is necessary to further improve the prevention and treatment of DD for our patients.
尿布皮炎(DD)是会阴部皮肤的急性炎症反应,是一种极其常见的儿科疾病。护士在预防和治疗 DD 方面的做法并不一致,且往往缺乏循证依据。此外,我院 2008 年的一项皮肤损伤发生率研究显示,24%的住院患者患有 DD。作者们开展了一个项目,以确定预防和治疗 DD 的一致且基于循证的方法,包括产品的供应。在修订现有的会阴皮肤护理护理标准之前,除了进行全面的文献复习、与其他儿科医院进行基准比较、咨询主题专家以及评估当前护理实践外。证据支持频繁更换尿布、使用高吸水性尿布以及使用含有凡士林和/或氧化锌的产品来保护会阴部皮肤。有文献支持,我们对标准进行了修订,包括改进实践和更新预防和治疗产品。修订标准的全院实施包括培训“皮肤护理冠军”,以教育员工并支持实践改进。皮肤护理冠军需要持续进行教育和监测,以进一步改善我们患者的 DD 预防和治疗。