Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Mar;56(3):1452-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.06053-11. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
The Tigecycline In Vitro Surveillance in Taiwan (TIST) study, a nationwide, prospective surveillance during 2006 to 2010, collected a total of 7,793 clinical isolates, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n = 1,834), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) (n = 423), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (n = 219), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (n = 1,141), ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1,330), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 1,645), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 903), from different specimens from 20 different hospitals in Taiwan. MICs of tigecycline were determined following the criteria of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST-2011). Among drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens, all of the PRSP isolates were susceptible to tigecycline (MIC(90), 0.03 μg/ml), and only one MRSA isolate (MIC(90), 0.5 μg/ml) and three VRE isolates (MIC(90), 0.125 μg/ml) were nonsusceptible to tigecycline. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, the tigecycline susceptibility rates were 99.65% for ESBL-producing E. coli (MIC(90), 0.5 μg/ml) and 96.32% for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (MIC(90), 2 μg/ml) when interpreted by FDA criteria but were 98.7% and 85.8%, respectively, when interpreted by EUCAST-2011 criteria. The susceptibility rate for A. baumannii (MIC(90), 4 μg/ml) decreased from 80.9% in 2006 to 55.3% in 2009 but increased to 73.4% in 2010. A bimodal MIC distribution was found among carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii isolates, and a unimodal MIC distribution was found among carbapenem-nonsusceptible A. baumannii isolates. In Taiwan, tigecycline continues to have excellent in vitro activity against several major clinically important drug-resistant bacteria, with the exception of A. baumannii.
台湾替加环素体外监测研究(TIST)是一项在 2006 年至 2010 年期间进行的全国性前瞻性监测研究,共收集了 7793 株临床分离株,包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)(n = 1834)、青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌(PRSP)(n = 423)、万古霉素耐药肠球菌(VRE)(n = 219)、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的大肠埃希菌(n = 1141)、产 ESBL 的肺炎克雷伯菌(n = 1330)、鲍曼不动杆菌(n = 1645)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(n = 903),这些分离株来自台湾 20 家不同医院的不同标本。替加环素的 MIC 采用美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)和欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会(EUCAST-2011)的标准进行测定。在耐药革兰阳性病原体中,所有 PRSP 分离株均对替加环素敏感(MIC90,0.03 μg/ml),仅 1 株 MRSA 分离株(MIC90,0.5 μg/ml)和 3 株 VRE 分离株(MIC90,0.125 μg/ml)对替加环素不敏感。在革兰阴性菌中,产 ESBL 的大肠埃希菌(MIC90,0.5 μg/ml)和产 ESBL 的肺炎克雷伯菌(MIC90,2 μg/ml)的替加环素敏感性率分别为 99.65%和 96.32%,按 FDA 标准判断,但按 EUCAST-2011 标准判断,其敏感性率分别为 98.7%和 85.8%。鲍曼不动杆菌(MIC90,4 μg/ml)的敏感性率从 2006 年的 80.9%降至 2009 年的 55.3%,但在 2010 年又回升至 73.4%。对碳青霉烯敏感的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株中存在双峰 MIC 分布,而对碳青霉烯耐药的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株中存在单峰 MIC 分布。在台湾,替加环素对几种主要的临床重要耐药菌仍具有良好的体外活性,除鲍曼不动杆菌外。