癌症中的 DNA 甲基化生物标志物：向临床应用的进展。

DNA methylation biomarkers in cancer: progress towards clinical implementation.

机构信息

Molecular Pathology Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, Melbourne, Victoria 8006, Australia.

出版信息

Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2012 Jun;12(5):473-87. doi: 10.1586/erm.12.45.

DOI:10.1586/erm.12.45

PMID:22702364

Abstract

Altered DNA methylation is ubiquitous in human cancers and specific methylation changes are often correlated with clinical features. DNA methylation biomarkers, which use those specific methylation changes, provide a range of opportunities for early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic stratification and post-therapeutic monitoring. Here we review current approaches to developing and applying DNA methylation biomarkers in cancer therapy. We discuss the obstacles that have so far limited the routine use of DNA methylation biomarkers in clinical settings and describe ways in which these obstacles can be overcome. Finally, we summarize the current state of clinical implementation for some of the most widely studied and well-validated DNA methylation biomarkers, including SEPT9, VIM, SHOX2, PITX2 and MGMT.

摘要

DNA 甲基化的改变在人类癌症中普遍存在，并且特定的甲基化变化通常与临床特征相关。利用这些特定甲基化变化的 DNA 甲基化生物标志物为早期检测、诊断、预后、治疗分层和治疗后监测提供了一系列机会。在这里，我们综述了目前在癌症治疗中开发和应用 DNA 甲基化生物标志物的方法。我们讨论了迄今为止限制 DNA 甲基化生物标志物在临床环境中常规使用的障碍，并描述了克服这些障碍的方法。最后，我们总结了一些研究最多和验证最好的 DNA 甲基化生物标志物，包括 SEPT9、VIM、SHOX2、PITX2 和 MGMT 的临床实施现状。