HIV-1 组装、出芽和成熟。
HIV-1 assembly, budding, and maturation.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012 Jul;2(7):a006924. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006924.
A defining property of retroviruses is their ability to assemble into particles that can leave producer cells and spread infection to susceptible cells and hosts. Virion morphogenesis can be divided into three stages: assembly, wherein the virion is created and essential components are packaged; budding, wherein the virion crosses the plasma membrane and obtains its lipid envelope; and maturation, wherein the virion changes structure and becomes infectious. All of these stages are coordinated by the Gag polyprotein and its proteolytic maturation products, which function as the major structural proteins of the virus. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanisms of HIV-1 assembly, budding, and maturation, starting with a general overview and then providing detailed descriptions of each of the different stages of virion morphogenesis.
逆转录病毒的一个重要特性是能够组装成颗粒，这些颗粒可以离开产生它们的细胞，并传播感染易感细胞和宿主。病毒粒子形态发生可以分为三个阶段：装配，在此过程中产生病毒粒子并包装必需的成分；出芽，在此过程中病毒粒子穿过质膜并获得其脂质包膜；以及成熟，在此过程中病毒粒子改变结构并变得具有感染性。所有这些阶段都由 Gag 多聚蛋白及其蛋白水解成熟产物协调，这些产物作为病毒的主要结构蛋白发挥作用。在这里，我们综述了目前对 HIV-1 组装、出芽和成熟机制的理解，首先进行了概述，然后详细描述了病毒粒子形态发生的各个不同阶段。
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