唾液硫氰酸盐：青少年吸烟的一种生化指标。

Aggarwal Anshul, Keluskar Vaishali, Goyal Rati, Dahiya Parveen

Oral Health Prev Dent. 2013;11(3):221-7. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a30169.

PURPOSE

Saliva is considered to be critical for the maintenance of healthy oral mucosa, and oral fluids provide an easily available, non-invasive medium for the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases and clinical situations. The purpose of this study was to estimate the thiocyanate (SCN) level in saliva of cigarette smokers and compare it with that of nonsmokers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The present study comprised 100 subjects, of which 50 had a habit of tobacco smoking. The other 50 neither smoked nor chewed tobacco and comprised the healthy control group. The age and sex (all males) of both groups of subjects were matched. All the patients were in the age group of 25 to 40 years. The group of smokers was divided into subgroups according to duration and frequency of smoking. Duration group 1: smoking for a period of 4-7 years; duration group 2: smoking for a period of 8-15 years; duration group 3: chronic smokers, smoking for a period of more than 15 years. Frequency group 1: patients smoked half pack of cigarettes, i.e. 4-6 per day; frequency group 2: patients smoked one pack of cigarettes, i.e. 7-11 per day; frequency group 3: patients smoked more than one pack, i.e. >11, per day. Saliva was collected by the spitting method. Unstimulated whole saliva was refrigerated at 4°C and processed within 24 h. The estimation of thiocyanate in saliva was done according to Densen et al (1967).

RESULTS

The present study clearly indicates a significant increase in salivary thiocyanate level in tobacco smokers as compared to nonsmokers (P < 0.0001). Comparing salivary SCN in different duration groups, the salivary SCN level was significantly lower in group 1 vs groups 2 and 3, with P < 0.0001. In terms of smoking frequency, the salivary SCN level was significantly lower in group 1 vs group 3, P < 0.0001. It is also evident that there was an increase in salivary thiocyanate levels with increased duration and frequency, thus showing a positive correlation between them.

CONCLUSION

The findings of this study suggest that salivary thiocyanate can be used as a safe and acceptable prevalence measurement for cigarette smoking behaviour.

目的

唾液被认为对维持健康的口腔黏膜至关重要，而且口腔液体为多种疾病和临床情况的诊断提供了一种易于获取的非侵入性介质。本研究的目的是评估吸烟者唾液中的硫氰酸盐（SCN）水平，并将其与非吸烟者的进行比较。

材料与方法

本研究包括100名受试者，其中50人有吸烟习惯。另外50人既不吸烟也不嚼烟草，构成健康对照组。两组受试者的年龄和性别（均为男性）相匹配。所有患者年龄在25至40岁之间。吸烟组根据吸烟时长和频率分为亚组。时长组1：吸烟4至7年；时长组2：吸烟8至15年；时长组3：长期吸烟者，吸烟超过15年。频率组1：患者每天吸半包烟，即4至6支；频率组2：患者每天吸一包烟，即7至11支；频率组3：患者每天吸烟超过一包，即>11支。通过吐唾法收集唾液。未刺激的全唾液在4°C下冷藏，并在24小时内进行处理。根据登森等人（1967年）的方法对唾液中的硫氰酸盐进行评估。

结果

本研究清楚地表明，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者唾液中的硫氰酸盐水平显著升高（P < 0.0001）。比较不同时长组的唾液SCN，时长组1的唾液SCN水平显著低于时长组2和3，P < 0.0001。就吸烟频率而言，频率组1的唾液SCN水平显著低于频率组3，P < 0.0001。还明显可见，随着时长和频率的增加，唾液硫氰酸盐水平升高，因此二者呈正相关。