计算机调查技术能否改善普通人群中酒精和非法药物使用情况的报告？法国两项采用不同数据收集方式的调查之比较。
Does computer survey technology improve reports on alcohol and illicit drug use in the general population? A comparison between two surveys with different data collection modes in France.
作者信息
Beck François, Guignard Romain, Legleye Stéphane
机构信息
Institut National de Prévention et d'Education à la Santé (INPES), Saint-Denis, France ; Cermes3 - Cesames team (Research Centre Medicine, Sciences, Health, Mental Health, Health Policy), CNRS UMR 8211, Inserm U988, University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EHESS, Paris, France.
Institut National de Prévention et d'Education à la Santé (INPES), Saint-Denis, France.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2014 Jan 22;9(1):e85810. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085810. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have shown that survey methodology can greatly influence prevalence estimates for alcohol and illicit drug use. The aim of this article is to assess the effect of data collection modes on alcohol misuse and drug use reports by comparing national estimates from computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) and audio-computer-assisted self interviews (A-CASI).
DESIGN
Two national representative surveys conducted in 2005 in France by CATI (n = 24,674) and A-CASI (n = 8,111).
PARTICIPANTS
French-speaking individuals aged [18]-[64] years old.
MEASUREMENTS
Alcohol misuse according to the CAGE test, cannabis use (lifetime, last year, 10+ in last month) and experimentation with cocaine, LSD, heroin, amphetamines, ecstasy, were measured with the same questions and wordings in the two surveys. Multivariate logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic characteristics (age, educational level, marital status and professional status) were performed. Analyses were conducted on the whole sample and stratified by age (18-29 and 30-44 years old) and gender. 45-64 years old data were not analysed due to limited numbers.
RESULTS
Overall national estimates were similar for 9 out of the 10 examined measures. However, after adjustment, A-CASI provided higher use for most types of illicit drugs among the youngest men (adjusted odds ratio, or OR, of 1.64 [1.08-2.49] for cocaine, 1.62 [1.10-2.38] for ecstasy, 1.99 [1.17-3.37] for LSD, 2.17 [1.07-4.43] for heroin, and 2.48 [1.41-4.35] for amphetamines), whereas use amongst women was similar in CATI and A-CASI, except for LSD in the 30-44 age group (OR = 3.60 [1.64-7.89]). Reported alcohol misuse was higher with A-CASI, for all ages and genders.
CONCLUSIONS
Although differences in the results over the whole population were relatively small between the surveys, the effect of data collection mode seemed to vary according to age and gender.
背景
先前的研究表明，调查方法会对酒精和非法药物使用的患病率估计产生重大影响。本文旨在通过比较计算机辅助电话访谈（CATI）和音频计算机辅助自我访谈（A-CASI）得出的全国估计数据，评估数据收集方式对酒精滥用和药物使用报告的影响。
设计
2005年在法国通过CATI（n = 24,674）和A-CASI（n = 8,111）进行了两项全国代表性调查。
参与者
年龄在[18]-[64]岁之间的法语使用者。
测量
两项调查中使用相同的问题和措辞，根据CAGE测试评估酒精滥用情况，测量大麻使用情况（终生、去年、上个月10次以上）以及对可卡因、LSD、海洛因、苯丙胺、摇头丸的尝试情况。进行了控制社会人口统计学特征（年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况和职业状况）的多变量逻辑回归分析。对整个样本进行了分析，并按年龄（18-29岁和30-44岁）和性别分层。由于数量有限，未对45-64岁的数据进行分析。
结果
在所检查的10项指标中，有9项的全国总体估计相似。然而，经过调整后，A-CASI显示最年轻男性中大多数类型的非法药物使用率更高（可卡因的调整优势比[OR]为1.64[1.08-2.49]，摇头丸为1.62[1.10-2.38]，LSD为1.99[1.17-3.37]，海洛因为2.17[1.07-4.43]，苯丙胺为2.48[1.41-4.35]），而女性中CATI和A-CASI的使用率相似，但30-44岁年龄组的LSD除外（OR = 3.60[1.64-7.89]）。所有年龄和性别的酒精滥用报告率在A-CASI中更高。
结论
尽管两项调查在整个人口中的结果差异相对较小，但数据收集方式的影响似乎因年龄和性别而异。
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