从全球系统发育基因组学角度看真核生物的生命树。
The eukaryotic tree of life from a global phylogenomic perspective.
作者信息
Burki Fabien
机构信息
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014 May 1;6(5):a016147. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016147.
Molecular phylogenetics has revolutionized our knowledge of the eukaryotic tree of life. With the advent of genomics, a new discipline of phylogenetics has emerged: phylogenomics. This method uses large alignments of tens to hundreds of genes to reconstruct evolutionary histories. This approach has led to the resolution of ancient and contentious relationships, notably between the building blocks of the tree (the supergroups), and allowed to place in the tree enigmatic yet important protist lineages for understanding eukaryote evolution. Here, I discuss the pros and cons of phylogenomics and review the eukaryotic supergroups in light of earlier work that laid the foundation for the current view of the tree, including the position of the root. I conclude by presenting a picture of eukaryote evolution, summarizing the most recent progress in assembling the global tree.
分子系统发育学彻底改变了我们对真核生物生命之树的认识。随着基因组学的出现，一个新的系统发育学学科应运而生：系统发育基因组学。该方法使用数十到数百个基因的大型比对来重建进化历史。这种方法已经解决了古老且有争议的关系，特别是在生命之树的组成部分（超群）之间，并使得能够在生命之树中安置那些神秘但对理解真核生物进化很重要的原生生物谱系。在这里，我将讨论系统发育基因组学的优缺点，并根据为当前生命之树观点奠定基础的早期工作，包括树根的位置，来回顾真核生物超群。最后，我将呈现一幅真核生物进化的图景，总结在构建全球生命之树方面的最新进展。
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