Recent advances in the discovery of small molecule inhibitors of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) as a therapeutic target for inflammation and oncology disorders.

IRAK4, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in both inflammation and oncology diseases. Herein, we summarize the compelling biology surrounding the IRAK4 signaling node in disease, review key structural features of IRAK4 including selectivity challenges, and describe efforts to discover clinically viable IRAK4 inhibitors. Finally, a view of knowledge gained and remaining challenges is provided.