光调节哺乳动物光感受器的睫状蛋白运输和外段盘膜更新。
Light regulates the ciliary protein transport and outer segment disc renewal of mammalian photoreceptors.
作者信息
Hsu Ya-Chu, Chuang Jen-Zen, Sung Ching-Hwa
机构信息
Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
出版信息
Dev Cell. 2015 Mar 23;32(6):731-42. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.01.027.
The outer segment (OS) of the rod photoreceptor is a light-sensing cilium containing ~1,000 membrane-bound discs. Each day, discs constituting the distal tenth of the OS are shed, whereas nascent discs are formed at the base of the OS through the incorporation of molecules transported from the inner segment. The mechanisms regulating these processes remain elusive. Here, we show that rhodopsin preferentially enters the OS in the dark. Photoexcitation of post-Golgi rhodopsins retains them in the inner segment. Disc-rim protein peripherin2/rds enters the OS following a rhythm complementary to that of rhodopsin. Light-dark cycle-regulated protein trafficking serves as a mechanism to segregate rhodopsin-rich and peripherin2/rds-rich discs into alternating stacks, which are flanked by characteristic cytoplasmic pockets. This periodic cytostructure divides the OS into approximately ten fractions, each containing discs synthesized in a single day. This mechanism may explain how the rod photoreceptor balances the quantity of discs added and removed daily.
视杆光感受器的外段（OS）是一种光感应纤毛，含有约1000个膜结合圆盘。每天，构成OS远端十分之一的圆盘会脱落，而新生圆盘则通过从内段运输来的分子整合在OS基部形成。调节这些过程的机制仍然不清楚。在这里，我们表明视紫红质在黑暗中优先进入OS。高尔基体后视紫红质的光激发将它们保留在内段。圆盘边缘蛋白外周蛋白2/rds以与视紫红质互补的节律进入OS。明暗周期调节的蛋白质运输作为一种机制，将富含视紫红质和富含外周蛋白2/rds的圆盘分隔成交替的堆叠，其两侧是特征性的细胞质袋。这种周期性的细胞结构将OS分成大约十个部分，每个部分包含在一天内合成的圆盘。这种机制可能解释了视杆光感受器如何平衡每天添加和去除的圆盘数量。
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