后牙区短种植体与标准种植体的比较：一项系统评价与Meta分析

Short dental implants versus standard dental implants placed in the posterior jaws: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

作者信息

Lemos Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo, Ferro-Alves Marcio Luiz, Okamoto Roberta, Mendonça Marcos Rogério, Pellizzer Eduardo Piza

机构信息

Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil.

Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinics, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil.

出版信息

J Dent. 2016 Apr;47:8-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Jan 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2016.01.005

PMID:26804969

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare short implants (equal or less than 8mm) versus standard implants (larger than 8mm) placed in posterior regions of maxilla and mandible, evaluating survival rates of implants, marginal bone loss, complications and prosthesis failures.

DATA

This review has been registered at PROSPERO under the number CRD42015016588. Main search terms were used in combination: dental implant, short implant, short dental implants, short dental implants posterior, short dental implants maxilla, and short dental implants mandible.

SOURCE

An electronic search for data published up until September/2015 was undertaken using the PubMed/Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Library databases.

STUDY SELECTION

Eligibility criteria included clinical human studies, randomized controlled trials and/or prospective studies, which evaluated short implants in comparison to standard implants in the same study.

CONCLUSION

The search identified 1460 references, after inclusion criteria 13 studies were assessed for eligibility. A total of 1269 patients, who had received a total of 2631 dental implants. The results showed that there was no significant difference of implants survival (P=.24; RR:1.35; CI: 0.82-2.22), marginal bone loss (P=.06; MD: -0.20; CI: -0.41 to 0.00), complications (P=.08; RR:0.54; CI: 0.27-1.09) and prosthesis failures (P=.92; RR:0.96; CI: 0.44-2.09). Short implants are considered a predictable treatment for posterior jaws. However, short implants with length less than 8 mm (4-7 mm) should be used with caution because they present greater risks to failures compared to standard implants.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Short implants are frequently placed in the posterior area in order to avoid complementary surgical procedures. However, clinicians need to be aware that short implants with length less than 8mm present greater risk of failures.

摘要

目的

本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是比较植入上颌骨和下颌骨后部区域的短种植体（等于或小于8mm）与标准种植体（大于8mm），评估种植体的存活率、边缘骨丢失、并发症和修复体失败情况。

数据

本评价已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）注册，注册号为CRD42015016588。主要检索词组合使用：牙种植体、短种植体、短牙种植体、后部短牙种植体、上颌短牙种植体和下颌短牙种植体。

来源

使用PubMed/Medline、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库对截至2015年9月发表的数据进行了电子检索。

研究选择

纳入标准包括临床人体研究、随机对照试验和/或前瞻性研究，这些研究在同一研究中评估了短种植体与标准种植体。

结论

检索到1460篇参考文献，根据纳入标准对13项研究进行了资格评估。共有1269例患者，共植入2631颗牙种植体。结果表明，种植体存活率（P = 0.24；相对风险：1.35；可信区间：0.82 - 2.22）、边缘骨丢失（P = 0.06；平均差： - 0.20；可信区间： - 0.41至0.00）、并发症（P = 0.08；相对风险：0.54；可信区间：0.27 - 1.09）和修复体失败情况（P = 0.92；相对风险：0.96；可信区间：0.44 - 2.09）均无显著差异。短种植体被认为是后牙区一种可预测的治疗方法。然而，长度小于8mm（4 - 7mm）的短种植体应谨慎使用，因为与标准种植体相比，它们出现失败的风险更大。