危险物质使用环境与成瘾：环境正义研究的新前沿
Risky Substance Use Environments and Addiction: A New Frontier for Environmental Justice Research.
作者信息
Mennis Jeremy, Stahler Gerald J, Mason Michael J
机构信息
Department of Geography and Urban Studies, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Commonwealth Institute for Child & Family Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Jun 18;13(6):607. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13060607.
Substance use disorders are widely recognized as one of the most pressing global public health problems, and recent research indicates that environmental factors, including access and exposure to substances of abuse, neighborhood disadvantage and disorder, and environmental barriers to treatment, influence substance use behaviors. Racial and socioeconomic inequities in the factors that create risky substance use environments may engender disparities in rates of substance use disorders and treatment outcomes. Environmental justice researchers, with substantial experience in addressing racial and ethnic inequities in environmental risk from technological and other hazards, should consider similar inequities in risky substance use environments as an environmental justice issue. Research should aim at illustrating where, why, and how such inequities in risky substance use environments occur, the implications of such inequities for disparities in substance use disorders and treatment outcomes, and the implications for tobacco, alcohol, and drug policies and prevention and treatment programs.
物质使用障碍被广泛认为是最紧迫的全球公共卫生问题之一，最近的研究表明，环境因素，包括滥用物质的获取和接触、社区劣势与混乱以及治疗的环境障碍，会影响物质使用行为。在造成危险物质使用环境的因素方面存在的种族和社会经济不平等，可能导致物质使用障碍发生率和治疗结果的差异。环境正义研究人员在解决技术和其他危害造成的环境风险方面的种族和族裔不平等问题上有着丰富经验，应将危险物质使用环境中类似的不平等视为一个环境正义问题。研究应旨在阐明危险物质使用环境中这种不平等在何处、为何以及如何出现，这种不平等对物质使用障碍和治疗结果差异的影响，以及对烟草、酒精和毒品政策以及预防和治疗方案的影响。
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