向独立过渡：临床与转化科学奖机构中获得指导的职业发展（KL2）学者的特征与成果
Transition to Independence: Characteristics and Outcomes of Mentored Career Development (KL2) Scholars at Clinical and Translational Science Award Institutions.
作者信息
Sweeney Carol, Schwartz Lisa S, Toto Robert, Merchant Carol, Fair Alecia S, Gabrilove Janice L
机构信息
C. Sweeney is associate professor, Department of Internal Medicine, and Center for Clinical & Translational Science, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.L.S. Schwartz is assistant research professor, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.R. Toto is professor, Department of Internal Medicine, associate dean for clinical and translational research, and director, Center for Translational Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.C. Merchant is program director, Extramural Career Development Programs, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.A.S. Fair is research services consultant II, Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.J.L. Gabrilove is James F. Holland Professor of Medicine and Oncological Sciences, associate director for education and training, Tisch Cancer Institute, and director, Clinical Research Education Programs, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai & Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, New York.
出版信息
Acad Med. 2017 Apr;92(4):556-562. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001473.
PURPOSE
To describe the transition from mentored to independent research funding for clinical and translational scholars supported by institutional KL2 Mentored Career Development programs.
METHOD
In 2013, faculty leaders at Clinical and Translational Science Award institutions completed an online survey, reporting characteristics of scholars in their KL2 programs from 2006 to 2013. The primary outcome variable was a report that the scholar had received independent funding as a principal investigator. Data analysis included descriptive summaries and mixed-effects regression models.
RESULTS
Respondents from 48 institutions (of 62 eligible; 77%) provided information about 914 KL2 scholars. Of those, 620 (68%) were medical doctors, 114 (12%) had other clinical training, and 177 (19%) were nonclinician PhDs. Fifty-three percent (487) were female; 12% (108/865) were members of racial or ethnic groups underrepresented in medicine (URM). After completing KL2 training, 96% (558/582) remained engaged in research. Among scholars who completed KL2 training two or more years earlier, 39% (149/374) received independent funding. Independent funding was from non-National Institutes of Health (NIH) sources (120 scholars) more often than from NIH (101 scholars). The odds of a nonclinician attaining independent funding were twice those of a clinician (odds ratio 2.05; 95% confidence interval 1.11-3.78). Female and URM scholars were as likely as male and non-URM scholars to attain independent funding.
CONCLUSIONS
KL2 programs supported the transition to independent funding for clinical and translational scientists. Female and URM scholars were well represented. Future studies should consider non-NIH funding sources when assessing the transition to research independence.
目的
描述由机构KL2指导职业发展项目支持的临床和转化医学学者从受指导研究资金向独立研究资金的转变。
方法
2013年，临床和转化科学奖机构的教师领导完成了一项在线调查，报告了2006年至2013年其KL2项目中学者的特征。主要结果变量是学者作为主要研究者获得独立资金的报告。数据分析包括描述性总结和混合效应回归模型。
结果
来自48个机构（62个符合条件的机构中的；77%）的受访者提供了914名KL2学者的信息。其中，620名（68%）是医学博士，114名（12%）接受过其他临床培训，177名（19%）是非临床医生的博士。53%（487名）是女性；12%（108/865）是医学领域代表性不足的种族或族裔群体成员（URM）。完成KL2培训后，96%（558/5八2）仍从事研究。在提前两年或更长时间完成KL2培训的学者中，39%（149/374）获得了独立资金。独立资金来自非美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）来源（120名学者）的情况比来自NIH（101名学者）更为常见。非临床医生获得独立资金的几率是临床医生的两倍（优势比2.05；95%置信区间1.11 - 3.78）。女性和URM学者获得独立资金的可能性与男性和非URM学者相同。
结论
KL2项目支持临床和转化医学科学家向独立资金的转变。女性和URM学者有很好的代表性。未来研究在评估向研究独立性的转变时应考虑非NIH资金来源。
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