帕金森病模型。

Parkinson's Disease Model.

机构信息

University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1076:41-61. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0529-0_4.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. It is known that there are many factors, either genetic or environmental factors, involved in PD, but the mechanism of PD is still not fully understood. Several animal models have been established to study the mechanisms of PD. Among these models, Drosophila melanogaster has been utilized as a valuable model to get insight into important features of PD. Drosophila melanogaster possesses a well-developed dopaminergic (DA) neuron system which is known to play an important role in PD pathogenesis. The well understanding of DA neurons from early larval through adult stage makes Drosophila as a powerful model for investigating the progressive neurodegeneration in PD. Besides, the short life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster serves an advantage in studying epidemiological features of PD. Most of PD symptoms can be mimicked in Drosophila model such as progressive impairment in locomotion, DA neuron degeneration, and some other non-motor symptoms. The Drosophila models of PD, therefore, show a great potential in application for PD genetic and drug screening.

摘要

帕金森病（PD）是全球第二常见的神经退行性疾病。已知有许多因素，包括遗传或环境因素，与 PD 有关，但 PD 的发病机制仍不完全清楚。已经建立了几种动物模型来研究 PD 的机制。在这些模型中，黑腹果蝇已被用作研究 PD 重要特征的有价值的模型。黑腹果蝇具有发达的多巴胺能（DA）神经元系统，该系统已知在 PD 发病机制中发挥重要作用。从早期幼虫到成虫阶段对 DA 神经元的深入了解使果蝇成为研究 PD 进行性神经退行性变的强大模型。此外，黑腹果蝇的短生命周期有利于研究 PD 的流行病学特征。大多数 PD 症状都可以在果蝇模型中模拟，例如运动能力逐渐受损、DA 神经元退化和一些其他非运动症状。因此，PD 的果蝇模型在 PD 遗传和药物筛选的应用中具有很大的潜力。