儿童期虐待经历、反思功能和依恋在青少年和年轻母亲中的作用：对母婴互动和情绪调节的影响。
Childhood experiences of maltreatment, reflective functioning and attachment in adolescent and young adult mothers: Effects on mother-infant interaction and emotion regulation.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy; ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.
出版信息
Child Abuse Negl. 2019 Jul;93:277-290. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.03.024. Epub 2019 May 24.
BACKGROUND
Maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment affect parenting and have consequences for a child's social-emotional development. Adolescent mothers have a higher frequency of a history of maltreatment than adult mothers. However few studies have analyzed the interactions between adolescent mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment and their infants.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation at infant 3 months, considering both infant and mother individual emotion regulation and their mutual regulation.
PARTICIPANTS
Participants were 63 adolescent and young adult mother-infant dyads recruited at a hospital.
METHODS
The mothers were administered the Adult Attachment Interview to evaluate reflective functioning and attachment and the Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse was used to evaluate maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment. Mother-infant interactions were coded with a modified version of the Infant Caregiver Engagement Phases.
RESULTS
Dyads with mothers with childhood maltreatment (vs dyads with mothers with no maltreatment) spent more time in negative emotional mutual regulation (p = .009) and less time in positive and neutral mutual emotion regulation (p = .019). Cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment were associated positively with mother and infant negative states at individual and dyadic level and with the AAI scales of Passivity and Unresolved Trauma (p < .05). The effect of cumulative maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment on mother-infant emotion regulation was direct and not mediated by maternal attachment and reflective function.
CONCLUSIONS
Maternal childhood experiences of maltreatment increase the risk connected to early motherhood, affecting mother-infant emotion regulation.
背景
母亲在儿童时期遭受虐待的经历会影响其养育方式，并对孩子的社会情感发展产生影响。青少年母亲比成年母亲更频繁地遭受虐待。然而，很少有研究分析过有童年虐待史的青少年母亲及其婴儿之间的相互作用。
目的
本研究旨在探讨母亲在儿童时期遭受虐待的经历对婴儿 3 个月时母婴情绪调节的影响，同时考虑婴儿和母亲的个体情绪调节以及他们之间的相互调节。
参与者
参与者是在一家医院招募的 63 对青少年和年轻的母亲-婴儿对。
方法
对母亲进行成人依恋访谈以评估其反射功能和依恋情况，使用儿童期经历问卷评估其儿童期的虐待经历。采用婴儿照顾者参与阶段的改良版对母婴互动进行编码。
结果
与母亲没有虐待经历的母婴对相比，有母亲虐待经历的母婴对在负性情绪的相互调节上花费了更多的时间（p=0.009），而在正性和中性情绪的相互调节上花费的时间较少（p=0.019）。累积的母亲童年虐待经历与母婴个体和共同的负性状态以及 AAI 量表的被动性和未解决的创伤有关（p<0.05）。累积的母亲童年虐待经历对母婴情绪调节的影响是直接的，而不是通过母婴依恋和反射功能来介导的。
结论
母亲在儿童时期遭受虐待的经历增加了与早期母亲身份相关的风险，影响了母婴情绪调节。
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