Oncology (Williston Park). 2019 Jun 19;33(6):221-6.
Thoughts of suicide while dealing with cancer are exceedingly common, though relatively few patients make a suicide attempt or complete suicide. Suicide rates among cancer patients are generally thought to be twice as high as that of the general population. However, patients with certain cancer types are at much higher risk for suicide; patients may also be more at risk at certain times during their cancer trajectory. While it is not possible to predict a suicidal act, key features identify those who should be screened more closely. Depression, psychiatric history, previous suicide attempts, hopelessness, demoralization, pain, lack of social support, feeling like a burden to others, and existential concerns (regret, loss of meaning, purpose, and dignity), along with specific demographic characteristics and cancer types confer increased suicidality. Oncologists play a crucial role in identifying these high-risk patients. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale is a well-established screening instrument that staff members can use to assess suicidal thinking in patients.
在应对癌症时,自杀念头极为常见,但只有极少数患者会尝试自杀或完成自杀。一般认为,癌症患者的自杀率是普通人群的两倍。然而,某些类型的癌症患者自杀的风险更高;在癌症病程的某些特定时期,患者也可能面临更高的风险。虽然无法预测自杀行为,但一些关键特征可以确定哪些人需要更密切地筛查。抑郁、精神病史、既往自杀企图、绝望、士气低落、疼痛、缺乏社会支持、感觉自己是别人的负担以及存在主义问题(后悔、失去意义、目标和尊严),以及特定的人口统计学特征和癌症类型,都会增加自杀倾向。肿瘤学家在识别这些高风险患者方面发挥着至关重要的作用。哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表是一种经过充分验证的筛查工具,工作人员可以用它来评估患者的自杀思维。