TRP Channels Mediated Pathological Ca-Handling and Spontaneous Ectopy.

Ion channel biology offers great opportunity in identifying and learning about cardiac pathophysiology mechanisms. The discovery of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels is an add-on to the opportunity. Interacting with numerous signaling pathways, being activated multimodally, and having prescribed signatures underlining acute hemodynamic control and cardiac remodeling, TRP channels regulate cardiac pathophysiology. Impaired Ca-handling cause contractile abnormality. Modulation of intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]) is a major part of Ca-handling processes in cardiac pathophysiology. TRP channels including TRPM4 regulate [Ca], Ca-handling and cardiac contractility. The channels modulate flux of divalent cations, such as Ca during Ca-handling and cardiac contractility. Seminal works implicate TRPM4 and TRPC families in intracellular Ca homeostasis. Defective Ca-homeostasis through TRP channels interaction with Ca-dependent regulatory proteins such as sodium calcium exchanger (NCX) results in abnormal Ca handling, contractile dysfunction and in spontaneous ectopy. This review provides insight into TRP channels mediated pathological Ca-handling and spontaneous ectopy.