Johnson McKenna M, Patel Satya, Williams Jason
Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Internal Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Cureus. 2019 Oct 5;11(10):e5845. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5845.
The most common causes of tetany are hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, and alkalosis. Most case reports of tetany in the literature include some combination of the above metabolic derangements leading to non-life-threatening symptoms. We present a unique case of severe life-threatening tetany in a 38-year-old female with a history of Crohn's disease. She was previously dependent on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) but discontinued TPN two weeks prior to presentation due to the improvement of her Crohn's symptoms with a new medication regimen. We propose that malabsorption led to multiple electrolyte abnormalities, resulting in acute tetany that subsequently caused rhabdomyolysis. This case reviews the most common causes of acute tetany and highlights the interaction between electrolytes implicated in both tetany and rhabdomyolysis. It also emphasizes the importance of considering tetany as a diagnosis in a patient with unstable vital signs and diffuse muscle spasms.
手足搐搦最常见的病因是低钙血症、低镁血症、低钾血症和碱中毒。文献中大多数手足搐搦的病例报告都包含上述代谢紊乱的某种组合,导致非危及生命的症状。我们报告一例38岁患有克罗恩病的女性发生严重危及生命的手足搐搦的独特病例。她之前依赖全胃肠外营养(TPN),但由于采用新的药物治疗方案后克罗恩病症状有所改善,在就诊前两周停用了TPN。我们认为吸收不良导致了多种电解质异常,进而引发急性手足搐搦,随后导致横纹肌溶解。本病例回顾了急性手足搐搦最常见的病因,并强调了与手足搐搦和横纹肌溶解相关的电解质之间的相互作用。它还强调了在生命体征不稳定且有弥漫性肌肉痉挛的患者中考虑将手足搐搦作为诊断的重要性。