埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔镇育龄妇女对宫颈癌的知识和态度。
Knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer among reproductive age group women in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia.
机构信息
College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Weldia, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Nursing, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Feb 11;20(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8229-4.
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Nearly 83% of the world's new cases and 85% of all cervical cancer-related deaths occur in developing countries. It is primarily caused by human papilloma virus (HPV); a sexually transmitted pathogen that could be prevented with safe sexual practice and using vaccines among others. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of reproductive age group women towards cervical cancer and its prevention in Gondar town.
METHODS
A descriptive community based cross-sectional study was carried out. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed for data collection. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Descriptive statistics like frequency, mean and percentage were computed using SPSS version 20 software program.
RESULTS
Seven hundred and seventy women (n = 770) participated with a response rate of 100%. More than half, (65.1%) of the participants claim hearing of cervical cancer. However, majority (> 80%) of them lack knowledge that HPV is a causative agent of cervical cancer which is extremely worrying as the most important way to prevent cervical cancer is blocking HPV infection. Of those who had heard of it, only 107 (21.4%) said they have heard about Pap smear test. From them, less than half, 47 (43.9%) said that an apparently healthy woman should undergo the test at least three times in her life. This means in addition to the lack of information about the test, majority of those who had heard about it didn't know how many times they should have the test in their life. Overall, only 153 (19.87%) of the participants were found having a good knowledge of cervical cancer and its prevention.
CONCLUSION
The overall knowledge of women towards cervical cancer was inadequate. On the other hand, those who had heard about it had a somewhat encouraging attitude. Mass media was the major source of information. But, any public health problem cannot be solved in isolation. Hence, initiating large-scale awareness campaigns is recommended.
背景
宫颈癌是全球女性中第二常见的癌症，也是癌症死亡的第三大原因。全球近 83%的新发病例和 85%的宫颈癌相关死亡发生在发展中国家。它主要由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）引起；HPV 是一种性传播病原体，可以通过安全性行为和使用疫苗等方式进行预防。本研究旨在评估戈达镇育龄妇女对宫颈癌及其预防的知识和态度。
方法
本研究采用描述性社区横断面研究。采用访谈式问卷收集数据。采用多阶段抽样技术选择研究参与者。使用 SPSS 版本 20 软件程序计算描述性统计数据，如频率、均值和百分比。
结果
共有 770 名妇女（n=770）参与，应答率为 100%。超过一半（65.1%）的参与者声称听说过宫颈癌。然而，大多数（>80%）人不知道 HPV 是宫颈癌的致病因素，这令人非常担忧，因为预防宫颈癌的最重要方法是阻断 HPV 感染。在听说过 HPV 的人中，只有 107 人（21.4%）表示听说过巴氏涂片检查。在他们中，不到一半（47 人，43.9%）表示，一个看似健康的女性一生中至少应该进行三次巴氏涂片检查。这意味着，除了缺乏关于巴氏涂片检查的信息外，大多数听说过巴氏涂片检查的人不知道一生中应该进行多少次检查。总的来说，只有 153 名（19.87%）参与者对宫颈癌及其预防有较好的了解。
结论
妇女对宫颈癌的总体知识不足。另一方面，那些听说过宫颈癌的人对此有一定的态度。大众媒体是信息的主要来源。但是，任何公共卫生问题都不能孤立解决。因此，建议开展大规模的宣传活动。
Zotero 插件