Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, IZMIR, TURKEY.
Turk Patoloji Derg. 2020;36(2):93-108. doi: 10.5146/tjpath.2020.01482.
Biobanks are units where high quality and long-term protection of biomaterials is maintained. This system, in which biological materials and data are systematically recorded and stored, is a unique resource for the study of the pathophysiology of disease, the development of diagnostic biomarkers, and working with human tissues for the potential discovery of targeted therapeutic agents. At this point, the pathology unit plays a unifying and complementary role between the clinical and core disciplines and offers optimal management of the patients' biomaterials for diagnostic and research projects. The aim of this article is to present general information with regard to a biobank constructed for the storage of tumor tissue and blood biospecimens. Ethical issues (informed consent, protection of confidentiality and privacy, and secondary use of biospecimens) and the information technology system (collection, systematic recording, backup and protection of clinical information) are important issues in biobanking. The selection of freezers to be used in storage (mechanical freezers, liquid-vapor nitrogen tanks), and if mechanical freezers are preferred the establishment of the relevant infrastructure and support team (such as additional power units for protection from power outages), the preservation of materials by aliquoting in different freezers, ensuring financing so as to afford the cost of the infrastructure, and implementation of all these dynamics while adhering to international guidelines are of the utmost importance.
生物银行是高质量和长期保护生物材料的单位。这个系统将生物材料和数据系统地记录和存储,是研究疾病病理生理学、开发诊断生物标志物以及研究人类组织以寻找靶向治疗药物的独特资源。在这一点上,病理学部门在临床和核心学科之间发挥着统一和互补的作用,并为诊断和研究项目提供患者生物材料的最佳管理。本文旨在介绍为储存肿瘤组织和血液生物样本而构建的生物银行的一般信息。生物银行的重要问题包括伦理问题(知情同意、保护机密性和隐私性以及生物样本的二次使用)和信息技术系统(临床信息的收集、系统记录、备份和保护)。选择用于存储的冷冻机(机械冷冻机、液-气氮罐),如果更喜欢机械冷冻机,则需要建立相关的基础设施和支持团队(例如,备用电源单元以防止停电),通过在不同的冷冻机中分装材料来保存材料,确保有足够的资金来承担基础设施的成本,并在遵守国际指南的前提下实施所有这些动态,这些都是至关重要的。