在全国样本中，人格特质、应对方式、与健康相关的行为和累积生理健康：通过对活动的感知对 10 年前瞻性尽责性的全因负荷的影响。
Personality Traits, Coping, Health-related Behaviors, and Cumulative Physiological Health in a National Sample: 10 Year Prospective Effects of Conscientiousness via Perceptions of Activity on Allostatic Load.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
出版信息
Ann Behav Med. 2020 Nov 1;54(11):880-892. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaaa024.
BACKGROUND
Personality traits, coping styles, and health-related behaviors show associations with various aspects of health. However, integrative life-course investigations of pathways by which these factors might affect later cumulative physiological health risk remain sparse.
PURPOSE
To investigate prospective associations of personality traits via coping styles and health-related behaviors on allostatic load in a national sample.
METHODS
Using data from the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS; N = 1,054), path analyses were used to test direct and indirect associations (via coping styles, smoking, frequency of alcohol consumption, leisure-time physical activity, and perceptions of activity) of personality traits on a latent measurement model of allostatic load informed by 10 biomarkers associated with cardiovascular, inflammation, glucose, and lipid subsystems.
RESULTS
Direct 10 year associations of greater conscientiousness on healthier allostatic load and greater extraversion on less healthy allostatic load were observed. Consistent with hypothesized behavioral pathways, relationships between conscientiousness and extraversion on allostatic load were prospectively mediated by greater perceptions of activity. Physical activity and more frequent alcohol use were associated with healthier allostatic load but did not act as prospective mediators.
CONCLUSIONS
The results provide further evidence of conscientiousness' standing as a marker of health via cumulative physiological health. Moreover, a greater perception of activity was identified as a pathway through which conscientious individuals experienced healthier physiological profiles over time. Examining a more detailed picture of the psychosocial mechanisms leading to development of health risk, as was found with perceptions of activity, remains an important area for future research.
背景
人格特质、应对方式和与健康相关的行为与健康的各个方面都有关联。然而，综合生命历程研究表明，这些因素可能通过何种途径影响以后累积的生理健康风险仍然很少。
目的
在全国样本中，通过应对方式和与健康相关的行为，调查人格特质与应激负荷的前瞻性关联。
方法
使用来自美国中年研究（MIDUS；N=1054）的数据，通过路径分析测试人格特质对基于 10 种生物标志物的应激负荷潜在测量模型的直接和间接关联（通过应对方式、吸烟、饮酒频率、休闲时间体育活动和活动感知），这些生物标志物与心血管、炎症、葡萄糖和脂质子系统有关。
结果
观察到更大的责任心与更健康的应激负荷和更大的外向性与更不健康的应激负荷有直接的 10 年关联。与假设的行为途径一致，尽责性和外向性与应激负荷之间的关系通过更大的活动感知得到了前瞻性的中介。体育活动和更频繁的饮酒与更健康的应激负荷有关，但不作为前瞻性中介。
结论
这些结果进一步证明了尽责性作为累积生理健康的健康标志物的地位。此外，发现活动感知是一个途径，通过这个途径，尽责的人随着时间的推移经历更健康的生理特征。研究导致健康风险发展的心理社会机制的更详细情况，如活动感知，仍然是未来研究的一个重要领域。
Zotero 插件